ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื‘ืจื•ื‘: ื”ื‘ื“ืœื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื’ืจืกืื•ืช ื‘ื“ืฃ

ืžืชื•ืš ื•ื™ืงื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”
ืงืคื™ืฆื” ืœื ื™ื•ื•ื˜ ืงืคื™ืฆื” ืœื—ื™ืคื•ืฉ
ืž (ื”ื•ืจื“ืช ืกื•ื’ืจื™ื™ื ืžืชื‘ื ื™ืช:ืžืงื•ืจ)
ย 
(4 ื’ืจืกืื•ืช ื‘ื™ื ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ 3 ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ืื™ื ืŸ ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช)
ืฉื•ืจื” 26: ืฉื•ืจื” 26:
'''ื”ื™ืชืจ ื‘ื”ื™ืชืจ''' ื ื—ืœืงื• ื‘ื–ื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื: ืœืจื™ื˜ื‘"ื ืœื ื‘ื˜ืœ {{ืžืงื•ืจ|ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื–ืจื” ืขื’: ื“"ื” ืื™ืชืžืจ}}, ื•ืœืจ"ืŸ ื‘ื˜ืœ {{ืžืงื•ืจ|ื‘ืฉื•"ืช ื ื– ื•ื ื˜. ื“ืŸ ื‘ื–ื” ืกืคืจ ื”ืžืงื ื” ื ื—-ื}}.
'''ื”ื™ืชืจ ื‘ื”ื™ืชืจ''' ื ื—ืœืงื• ื‘ื–ื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื: ืœืจื™ื˜ื‘"ื ืœื ื‘ื˜ืœ {{ืžืงื•ืจ|ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื–ืจื” ืขื’: ื“"ื” ืื™ืชืžืจ}}, ื•ืœืจ"ืŸ ื‘ื˜ืœ {{ืžืงื•ืจ|ื‘ืฉื•"ืช ื ื– ื•ื ื˜. ื“ืŸ ื‘ื–ื” ืกืคืจ ื”ืžืงื ื” ื ื—-ื}}.


'''ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื‘ืื™ืกื•ืจ''' ื”ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื”ืžื•ืขื˜ ืžืชื‘ื˜ืœ, ื•ืœื•ืงื” ืจืง ืขืœ ื”ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื”ืžืจื•ื‘ื” {{ืžืงื•ืจ|ื–ื‘ื—ื™ื ืขื—.}}.
'''ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื‘ืื™ืกื•ืจ''' ื”ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื”ืžื•ืขื˜ ืžืชื‘ื˜ืœ, ื•ืœื•ืงื” ืจืง ืขืœ ื”ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื”ืžืจื•ื‘ื” {{ืžืงื•ืจ|ื‘ื‘ืœื™:ื–ื‘ื—ื™ื ืขื—.}}.


'''ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ''' ื‘ื™ื‘ืฉ ื‘ื™ื‘ืฉ ื ื—ืœืงื• ื”ืคื•ืกืงื™ื ื”ืื ืฆืจื™ืš ืื—ื“ ื‘ืฉื ื™ื™ื, ื“ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืฉื”ื”ื™ืชืจ ื™ื”ื™ื” ื›ืคื•ืœ ืžื”ืื™ืกื•ืจ (ืจื•ื‘ ื›ืคืœ), ืื• ืฉืžืกืคื™ืง ืฉื”ื”ื™ืชืจ ื™ื”ื™ื” ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ืžืฉื”ื• ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื”ืื™ืกื•ืจ {{ืžืงื•ืจ|ืคืจื™ ืžื’ื“ื™ื ื™ื•"ื“ ืคืชื™ื—ื” ืœืชืขืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ื—"ื ื—ืงื™ืจื” ื’ ื“"ื” ื•ื”ื ื”}}.
'''ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ''' ื‘ื™ื‘ืฉ ื‘ื™ื‘ืฉ ื ื—ืœืงื• ื”ืคื•ืกืงื™ื ื”ืื ืฆืจื™ืš ืื—ื“ ื‘ืฉื ื™ื™ื, ื“ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืฉื”ื”ื™ืชืจ ื™ื”ื™ื” ื›ืคื•ืœ ืžื”ืื™ืกื•ืจ (ืจื•ื‘ ื›ืคืœ), ืื• ืฉืžืกืคื™ืง ืฉื”ื”ื™ืชืจ ื™ื”ื™ื” ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ืžืฉื”ื• ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื”ืื™ืกื•ืจ {{ืžืงื•ืจ|ืคืจื™ ืžื’ื“ื™ื ื™ื•"ื“ ืคืชื™ื—ื” ืœืชืขืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ื—"ื ื—ืงื™ืจื” ื’ ื“"ื” ื•ื”ื ื”}}.
ืฉื•ืจื” 41: ืฉื•ืจื” 41:
'''ื›ืžื•ืช ื•ืžื ื™ื™ืŸ''', ื ื—ืœืงื• ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ืื—ืจ ืžื” ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื: ืื—ืจ ืจื•ื‘ ื”ื›ืžื•ืช (ื”ื’ื•ื“ืœ), ืื• ืื—ืจ ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ื (ื”ืžื ื™ื™ืŸ). ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืฉืชื™ ื—ืชื™ื›ื•ืช ืงื˜ื ื•ืช ื•ื—ืชื™ื›ื” ืื—ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื” (ืฉื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืฉืชื™ื”ืŸ ื™ื—ื“) {{ืžืงื•ืจ|ืคืจื™ ืžืฉื” ืจื•ื‘ ื›ื–-ื“}}.
'''ื›ืžื•ืช ื•ืžื ื™ื™ืŸ''', ื ื—ืœืงื• ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ืื—ืจ ืžื” ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื: ืื—ืจ ืจื•ื‘ ื”ื›ืžื•ืช (ื”ื’ื•ื“ืœ), ืื• ืื—ืจ ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ื (ื”ืžื ื™ื™ืŸ). ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืฉืชื™ ื—ืชื™ื›ื•ืช ืงื˜ื ื•ืช ื•ื—ืชื™ื›ื” ืื—ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื” (ืฉื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืฉืชื™ื”ืŸ ื™ื—ื“) {{ืžืงื•ืจ|ืคืจื™ ืžืฉื” ืจื•ื‘ ื›ื–-ื“}}.


'''ืื™ืกื•ืจ ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ื ื•ืœื“ ื‘ืชืขืจื•ื‘ืช''', ื•ืœื ื”ืชืขืจื‘ ืื—ืจ ื›ืš, ืœื ืžืชื‘ื˜ืœ {{ืžืงื•ืจ|ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ื—ื•ืœื™ืŸ ืคืจืง ื™ ืชืฉืœื–}}. ื•ื‘ื™ืืจ ื”ืžื ื—ืช ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืืช ื˜ืขืžื•, ืฉื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ืžืงื•ืจื• ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ, ื•ืฉื ืœื ื›ืœ ื”ื“ืขื•ืช ื ืฉืžืขื•ืช ื‘ื‘ืช ืื—ืช. ื•ืข"ืค ื–ื” ื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ืฉื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืื™ืกื•ืจ ืงื“ื ืœื”ื™ืชืจ - ื’ื ื›ืŸ ื™ืชื‘ื˜ืœ, ื•ื›ืœ ื”ื—ื™ืกืจื•ืŸ ืจืง ื›ืฉื ื•ืœื“ื• ื™ื—ื“ {{ืžืงื•ืจ|ื’-ื ืกืง"ื”}}.
'''ืื™ืกื•ืจ ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ื ื•ืœื“ ื‘ืชืขืจื•ื‘ืช''', ื•ืœื ื”ืชืขืจื‘ ืื—ืจ ื›ืš, ืœื ืžืชื‘ื˜ืœ {{ืžืงื•ืจ|ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ื—ื•ืœื™ืŸ ืคืจืง ื™ ืชืฉืœื–}}. ื•ื‘ื™ืืจ ื”ืžื ื—ืช ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืืช ื˜ืขืžื•, ืฉื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ืžืงื•ืจื• ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ, ื•ืฉื ืœื ื›ืœ ื”ื“ืขื•ืช ื ืฉืžืขื•ืช ื‘ื‘ืช ืื—ืช. ื•ืข"ืค ื–ื” ื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ืฉื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืื™ืกื•ืจ ืงื“ื ืœื”ื™ืชืจ - ื’ื ื›ืŸ ื™ืชื‘ื˜ืœ, ื•ื›ืœ ื”ื—ื™ืกืจื•ืŸ ืจืง ื›ืฉื ื•ืœื“ื• ื™ื—ื“ {{ืžืงื•ืจ|ื’-ื ๏ฟฝืง"ื”}}.


'''ืœืื›ื•ืœ ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื—ืชื™ื›ื•ืช''' ื ื—ืœืงื• ื‘ื–ื” ืœืฉืœื•ืฉ ื“ืขื•ืช: ย 
'''ืœืื›ื•ืœ ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื—ืชื™ื›ื•ืช''' ื ื—ืœืงื• ื‘ื–ื” ืœืฉืœื•ืฉ ื“ืขื•ืช: ย 
ืฉื•ืจื” 65: ืฉื•ืจื” 65:
@ ื›ืœื™ ื˜ืžื ืฉื ืชืขืจื‘ ื‘ื›ืœื™ื ื˜ื”ื•ืจื™ื ื•ื˜ื‘ืœ ืืช ื›ื•ืœื ื•ืื—"ื› ื”ื•ื›ืจ ืื™ื–ื” ื›ืœื™ ื”ื•ื ื”ื˜ืžื - ื”ืกืชืคืง {{ืžืงื•ืจ|ืฉื}} ื”ืื ื”ื˜ื‘ื™ืœื” ื”ื•ืขื™ืœื” ืœื•, ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื˜ื‘ื™ืœื” ื”ื™ื” ื˜ื”ื•ืจ (ืžื“ื™ืŸ ื”ืชืขืจื•ื‘ืช)<ref>ืœืขื™ืœ (ื“"ื” ื˜ื•ืžืื” ืฉื‘ื˜ืœื” ื‘ืจื•ื‘) ืชืœื™ื ื• ื–ืืช ื‘ื—ืงื™ืจื” ื”ืื ื”ื˜ื•ืžืื” ื‘ื˜ืœื” ืื• ืจืง ื“ื™ื ื™ ื”ื˜ื•ืžืื”.</ref>.
@ ื›ืœื™ ื˜ืžื ืฉื ืชืขืจื‘ ื‘ื›ืœื™ื ื˜ื”ื•ืจื™ื ื•ื˜ื‘ืœ ืืช ื›ื•ืœื ื•ืื—"ื› ื”ื•ื›ืจ ืื™ื–ื” ื›ืœื™ ื”ื•ื ื”ื˜ืžื - ื”ืกืชืคืง {{ืžืงื•ืจ|ืฉื}} ื”ืื ื”ื˜ื‘ื™ืœื” ื”ื•ืขื™ืœื” ืœื•, ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื˜ื‘ื™ืœื” ื”ื™ื” ื˜ื”ื•ืจ (ืžื“ื™ืŸ ื”ืชืขืจื•ื‘ืช)<ref>ืœืขื™ืœ (ื“"ื” ื˜ื•ืžืื” ืฉื‘ื˜ืœื” ื‘ืจื•ื‘) ืชืœื™ื ื• ื–ืืช ื‘ื—ืงื™ืจื” ื”ืื ื”ื˜ื•ืžืื” ื‘ื˜ืœื” ืื• ืจืง ื“ื™ื ื™ ื”ื˜ื•ืžืื”.</ref>.
@ ื—ื“ืฉ ืฉื ืชืขืจื‘ ื‘ื™ืฉืŸ ื•ืขื‘ืจ ืขืœื™ื• ื”ืขื•ืžืจ ื•ืื—"ื› ื”ื•ื›ืจ - ื”ืกืชืคืง {{ืžืงื•ืจ|ืฉื}} ื”ืื ื”ืขื•ืžืจ ื”ืชื™ืจื• ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื”ื™ื” ืžืขื•ืจื‘.
@ ื—ื“ืฉ ืฉื ืชืขืจื‘ ื‘ื™ืฉืŸ ื•ืขื‘ืจ ืขืœื™ื• ื”ืขื•ืžืจ ื•ืื—"ื› ื”ื•ื›ืจ - ื”ืกืชืคืง {{ืžืงื•ืจ|ืฉื}} ื”ืื ื”ืขื•ืžืจ ื”ืชื™ืจื• ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื”ื™ื” ืžืขื•ืจื‘.
ืื ื ืคืœ ืฆื™ืจ ืื• ื—ืœื‘ ืžื•ืชืš ืขืœ ื›ืœื™, ื•ืื™ื ื• ื™ื•ื“ืข ื‘ืื™ื–ื” ืžืงื•ื ื ื’ืข, ื•ื”ื•ื ืžื™ืขื•ื˜ ื”ื›ืœื™ - ื‘ื˜ืœ ื‘ืจื•ื‘. ืžื•ื‘ื ื‘ืคืช"ืฉ ื™ื•ืจื” ื“ืขื” ืกื™ืžืŸ ืฆื ืกืง"ื˜.
==ื›ืœืœื™ื==
==ื›ืœืœื™ื==
'''ื‘ืกืขื™ืฃ ื–ื”''' ื ื“ื•ืŸ ื”ืื ื”ื”ื›ืจืขื” ืชื•ืขื™ืœ ื‘ืžืงืจื™ื (ื›ืœืœื™ื) ืฉืžื‘ื˜ืœื™ื ื—ืœืง ืžื”ื”ื›ืจืขื•ืช.
'''ื‘ืกืขื™ืฃ ื–ื”''' ื ื“ื•ืŸ ื”ืื ื”ื”ื›ืจืขื” ืชื•ืขื™ืœ ื‘ืžืงืจื™ื (ื›ืœืœื™ื) ืฉืžื‘ื˜ืœื™ื ื—ืœืง ืžื”ื”ื›ืจืขื•ืช.


'''ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื• ืžืชื™ืจื™ืŸ''', ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉื™ืฉ ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœื”ืชื™ืจื• ื‘ืœื™ ืœื”ื™ื›ื ืก ืœืกืคืง, ืžืคื•ืจืฉ ื‘ื’ืžืจื ืฉื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ืœื ืžื•ืขื™ืœ ื•ืืกื•ืจ ืœืื•ื›ืœื• {{ืžืงื•ืจ|ื‘ื™ืฆื” ื’:}}.
'''ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื• ืžืชื™ืจื™ืŸ''', ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉื™ืฉ ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœื”ืชื™ืจื• ื‘ืœื™ ืœื”ื™ื›ื ืก ืœืกืคืง, ืžืคื•ืจืฉ ื‘ื’ืžืจื ืฉื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ืœื ืžื•ืขื™ืœ ื•ืืกื•ืจ ืœืื•ื›ืœื• {{ืžืงื•ืจ|ื‘ื‘ืœื™:ื‘ื™ืฆื” ื’:}}.


'''ื‘ืงื‘ื•ืข''', ื“ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืฉื”ืกืคืง ืœื ืคืจืฉ ืžื”ืชืขืจื•ื‘ืช ืืœื ื ืžืฆื ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื”, ื“ืขืช ื”ืคืจ"ื— ืฉืื™ืŸ ื‘ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื“ื™ืŸ ืงื‘ื•ืข, ื•ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื™ื•ืขื™ืœ, ืืš ืœื“ืขืช ื”ื›ืจืชื™ ื•ืคืœืชื™ ื–ื• ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื {{ืžืงื•ืจ|ื”ื‘ื™ืื ื”ืฉืขืจื™ ื™ื•ืฉืจ ื’-ื• ื“"ื” ื•ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ, ื•ื ืจืื” ืฉื ื—ืœืงื• ื”ืื ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื‘ืจื•ื‘ ื”ื•ื ืžื“ื™ืŸ ืจื•ื‘ ื‘ืกืคื™ืงื•ืช, ืฉืงื‘ื•ืข ืžื•ืขื™ืœ ื‘ื•}}<ref>ื”ื‘ืื ื• ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช ื‘ื–ื” ืœืขื™ืœ ื‘ืกืขื™ืฃ "ืžืงื•ืจ ื•ื˜ืขื" ื“"ื” ื‘ื˜ืขืžื•.</ref>{{ืžืงื•ืจ|}}.
'''ื‘ืงื‘ื•ืข''', ื“ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืฉื”ืกืคืง ืœื ืคืจืฉ ืžื”ืชืขืจื•ื‘ืช ืืœื ื ืžืฆื ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื”, ื“ืขืช ื”ืคืจ"ื— ืฉืื™ืŸ ื‘ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื“ื™ืŸ ืงื‘ื•ืข, ื•ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื™ื•ืขื™ืœ, ืืš ืœื“ืขืช ื”ื›ืจืชื™ ื•ืคืœืชื™ ื–ื• ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื {{ืžืงื•ืจ|ื”ื‘ื™ืื ื”ืฉืขืจื™ ื™ื•ืฉืจ ื’-ื• ื“"ื” ื•ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ, ื•ื ืจืื” ืฉื ื—ืœืงื• ื”ืื ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื‘ืจื•ื‘ ื”ื•ื ืžื“ื™ืŸ ืจื•ื‘ ื‘ืกืคื™ืงื•ืช, ืฉืงื‘ื•ืข ืžื•ืขื™ืœ ื‘ื•}}<ref>ื”ื‘ืื ื• ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช ื‘ื–ื” ืœืขื™ืœ ื‘ืกืขื™ืฃ "ืžืงื•ืจ ื•ื˜ืขื" ื“"ื” ื‘ื˜ืขืžื•.</ref>{{ืžืงื•ืจ|}}.
ืฉื•ืจื” 82: ืฉื•ืจื” 85:
* [[ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื• ืžืชื™ืจื™ืŸ]]
* [[ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื• ืžืชื™ืจื™ืŸ]]


* [[ื”ื›ืจืขืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ]] - ืฉืœื ืœื ื˜ื•ืช ืื—ืจื™ ืจื‘ื™ื ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ืื—ื“ ื‘ื“ื™ื ื™ ื ืคืฉื•ืช
* [[ื›ืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉื‘ืžื ื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื ื• ื‘ื˜ืœ]]


==ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืฉื•ืœื™ื™ื==
==ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืฉื•ืœื™ื™ื==
ืฉื•ืจื” 88: ืฉื•ืจื” 94:
[[ืงื˜ื’ื•ืจื™ื”:ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืœื›ืชื™ื™ื]]
[[ืงื˜ื’ื•ืจื™ื”:ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืœื›ืชื™ื™ื]]
[[ืงื˜ื’ื•ืจื™ื”:ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื•ื—ืงื™ืจื•ืช]]
[[ืงื˜ื’ื•ืจื™ื”:ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื•ื—ืงื™ืจื•ืช]]
[[ืงื˜ื’ื•ืจื™ื”: ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื•ื”ื™ืชืจ]]

ื’ืจืกื” ืื—ืจื•ื ื” ืžึพ21:05, 27 ื‘ืžืจืฅ 2018

ื”ื’ื“ืจื”[ืขืจื™ื›ื”]

ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื™ืชืจ ืฉื ืชืขืจื‘ ื‘ื• ื“ื‘ืจ ืื™ืกื•ืจ, ื•ื”ื”ื™ืชืจ ื”ื•ื ื”ืจื•ื‘ - ื”ืื™ืกื•ืจ ืžืชื‘ื˜ืœ.

ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื, ื—ืชื™ื›ืช ื ื‘ื™ืœื” ืฉื ืคืœื” ืœืชื•ืš ื‘ืฉืจ ืฉื—ื•ื˜ื”.

ื ืงืจื ื’ื ืจื•ื‘ ื‘ืชืขืจื•ื‘ืช.

ืžืงื•ืจ ื•ื˜ืขื[ืขืจื™ื›ื”]

ืžืงื•ืจื• ืžื”ืคืกื•ืง ื”ื“ืŸ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ - "ืœื ืชื”ื™ื” ืื—ืจื™ ืจื‘ื™ื ืœืจืขื•ืช, ื•ืœื ืชืขื ื” ืขืœ ืจื™ื‘ ืœื ื˜ื•ืช ืื—ืจื™ ืจื‘ื™ื ืœื”ื˜ื•ืช" ืฉืžื•ืช ื›ื’-ื‘, ื•ื“ื•ืจืฉื™ื ืž"ืื—ืจื™ ืจื‘ื™ื ืœื”ื˜ื•ืช" ืฉื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืื—ืจ ื”ืจื•ื‘ ืจืฉ"ื™ ื‘ื™ืฆื” ื’: ื“"ื” ืืคื™ืœื• ื•ื–ื‘ื—ื™ื ืขื‘. ื“"ื” ื•ืคืจื›ื™ื ืŸ, ื ื•ื“ืข ื‘ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื ื“. ื•ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื‘ื• ืœื•ืžื“ื™ื ืžืฉื ื”ืืจื™ื›ื• ื”ื’ืจ"ื— ื‘ื‘ื ืงืžื ื›ื–, ื•ืฉืขืจื™ ื™ื•ืฉืจ ื’-ื“ ื“"ื” ื•ืขืชื”.

ื‘ื˜ืขืžื• ื™ืฉ ืฉื ื™ ืฆื“ื“ื™ื:

  1. ื‘ืคืฉื˜ื•ืช ืื™ื ื• ืžื“ื™ื ื™ ืกืคื™ืงื•ืช ื›ืœืœ, ืืœื ื”ื•ื ื“ื™ืŸ ืื—ืจ, ืฉื”ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื ื”ืคืš ืœื”ื™ืชืจ. ื‘ื“ื•ืžื” ืœื“ื™ืŸ ืจื•ื‘ื• ื›ื›ื•ืœื•, ืฉื’ื ื”ื•ื ื“ื™ืŸ ืจื•ื‘ ืฉืื™ื ื• ืžื“ื™ื ื™ ืกืคื™ืงื•ืช ื’ืจ"ื— ื‘ื‘ื ืงืžื ื›ื–, ืฉืขืจื™ ื™ื•ืฉืจ ื’-ื“ ื“"ื” ื•ืœื›ืŸ. ืžื ื—ืช ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืขื—-ื” [ื–] ื“"ื” ื•ื™ืฉ ื“ื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ, ืืš ื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ืฉืขื›"ืค ื”ื•ื ืจื•ื‘ื ื“ืื™ืชื ืงืžืŸ.
  2. ืจื•ื‘ ื‘ืกืคื™ืงื•ืช, ืฉืขืœ ื›ืœ ื—ืชื™ื›ื” ืื ื• ืกื•ืžื›ื™ื ืฉื”ื™ื ืžืŸ ื”ืžื•ืชืจื•ืช ื•ืื™ื ื” ื”ืืกื•ืจื” ืชืฉื•ื‘ื•ืช ืจ' ื™ืฉืขื™ื” ืžื˜ืจืื ื™, ืžื•ื“ืคืก ื‘ืฉืขืจื™ ื˜ื”ืจื” ืขืœ ืžืกื›ืช ื˜ื”ืจื•ืช ืค"ื ื”"ื“ ื“"ื” ื•ืขื•ื“ (ื“ืฃ ื—. ื‘ื“ืคื™ ื”ืกืคืจ).

ื‘ื“ื™ื ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื[ืขืจื™ื›ื”]

ื‘ืื™ืกื•ืจื™ื ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืฉื™ืฉ ื“ื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื‘ืจื•ื‘.

ื‘ืžืžื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ืœื ืžื•ืขื™ืœ ื‘ื™ืฆื” ืœื—:, ื•ื”ืืจื™ืš ื‘ื–ื” ืฉืขืจื™ ื™ื•ืฉืจ ื’-ื›ื’.

ื‘ื˜ื•ืžืืช ืžืฉื - ื‘ื™ื‘ืฉ ืœื ืžื•ืขื™ืœ, ื‘ืœื— ื ื—ืœืงื• ื”ืžืคืจืฉื™ื: ืœื›ืกืฃ ืžืฉื ื” ืžื•ืขื™ืœ, ื•ืœืชื•ืก' ืœื ืžื•ืขื™ืœ ืงื•ื‘ืฅ ืฉืžื•ืขื•ืช ื—ื•ืœื™ืŸ ืœื–.

ืคืจื˜ื™ ื”ื“ื™ืŸ[ืขืจื™ื›ื”]

ื”ื™ืชืจ ื‘ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื ื—ืœืงื• ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ื”ืื ื‘ื˜ืœ ื“ืŸ ื‘ื–ื” ืกืคืจ ื”ืžืงื ื” ืœื—-ื™ื“. ื•ื‘ื˜ืขื ื”ื“ืขื•ืช ืฉืœื ื‘ื˜ืœ, ื‘ื™ืืจื• ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ืฉืจืง ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื”ื•ื ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช, ืืš ื”ื™ืชืจ ื”ื•ื ืจืง ื”ืขื“ืจ ืื™ืกื•ืจ, ื•ื“ื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ืจืง ืžื‘ื˜ืœ ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช, ืืš ืœื ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ืื—ืจืช ืงื•ื‘ืฅ ื‘ื™ืื•ืจื™ื ืกื•ืฃ ื‘ื›ื•ืจื•ืช, ื”ืžื™ื“ื•ืช ืœื—ืงืจ ื”ื”ืœื›ื” ื‘-ื›. ื•ื›ืŸ ื“ืŸ ื‘ืฉืืœื” ื–ื• - ื”ืื ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ืจืง ืžืกืœืง ืืช ื”ืื™ืกื•ืจ ืžื”ืžื™ืขื•ื˜ ืื• ืฉื’ื ื ื•ืชืŸ ืœื• ืืช ืžืขืœืช ื”ืจื•ื‘ - ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืจ' ืฉืžื•ืืœ ื‘ื‘ื ืžืฆื™ืขื ื—"ื ืขืžื•ื“ ืงื’.

ื”ื™ืชืจ ื‘ื”ื™ืชืจ ื ื—ืœืงื• ื‘ื–ื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื: ืœืจื™ื˜ื‘"ื ืœื ื‘ื˜ืœ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื–ืจื” ืขื’: ื“"ื” ืื™ืชืžืจ, ื•ืœืจ"ืŸ ื‘ื˜ืœ ื‘ืฉื•"ืช ื ื– ื•ื ื˜. ื“ืŸ ื‘ื–ื” ืกืคืจ ื”ืžืงื ื” ื ื—-ื.

ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื‘ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื”ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื”ืžื•ืขื˜ ืžืชื‘ื˜ืœ, ื•ืœื•ืงื” ืจืง ืขืœ ื”ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื”ืžืจื•ื‘ื” ื–ื‘ื—ื™ื ืขื—..

ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื‘ื™ื‘ืฉ ื‘ื™ื‘ืฉ ื ื—ืœืงื• ื”ืคื•ืกืงื™ื ื”ืื ืฆืจื™ืš ืื—ื“ ื‘ืฉื ื™ื™ื, ื“ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืฉื”ื”ื™ืชืจ ื™ื”ื™ื” ื›ืคื•ืœ ืžื”ืื™ืกื•ืจ (ืจื•ื‘ ื›ืคืœ), ืื• ืฉืžืกืคื™ืง ืฉื”ื”ื™ืชืจ ื™ื”ื™ื” ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ืžืฉื”ื• ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื”ืื™ืกื•ืจ ืคืจื™ ืžื’ื“ื™ื ื™ื•"ื“ ืคืชื™ื—ื” ืœืชืขืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ื—"ื ื—ืงื™ืจื” ื’ ื“"ื” ื•ื”ื ื”.

ืงืžื ืงืžื ื‘ื˜ื™ืœ ื ืืžืจ ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื”ืžืขืจื” ื™ื™ืŸ ื ืกืš ืžื—ื‘ื™ืช ืœื‘ื•ืจ. ืืžื ื ื‘ื›ืžื” ืกื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ืœื ืื•ืžืจื™ื ื›ืŸ: ืจื‘ื• ื ื•ื˜ืคื™ื (ืžื™ ื’ืฉืžื™ื) ืขืœ ื”ื–ื•ื—ืœื™ื (ืžื™ ืžืขื™ื™ืŸ), ื›ืœืื™ื™ื ื‘ืชื•ืกืคืช ืžืืชื™ื™ื, ื‘ืฆืœ ืฉืขืงืจื• ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืขื™ืช ื•ื ื˜ืขื• ื‘ืฉืžื™ื ื™ืช. ื•ื—ื™ืœืงื• ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ืืจื‘ืขื” ื—ื™ืœื•ืงื™ื ืœื‘ืืจ ืžืชื™ ืื•ืžืจื™ื "ืงืžื ืงืžื ื‘ื˜ื™ืœ" ื•ืžืชื™ ืœื:

  1. ื›ืฉื“ืจื›ืŸ ืœื’ื“ื•ืœ ื›ืš ืœื ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืงืžื ืงืžื ื‘ื˜ื™ืœ, ืืš ื›ืฉืื™ื ื• ื“ืจื›ืŸ ื›ืŸ ื‘ื˜ื™ืœ.
  2. ื›ืฉื”ืขืจื•ื‘ ื’ื“ืœ ื•ืœื ื ืคืกืง ืœื ื‘ื˜ื™ืœ, ืืš ื›ืฉืคื•ืกืง ื‘ืืžืฆืข ื‘ื˜ื™ืœ.
  3. ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื‘ื ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ืฉืžื™ื™ื ืœื ื‘ื˜ื™ืœ ื”ื•ืื™ืœ ื•ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ื“ื• ืœืขื›ื‘, ืืš ื‘ื‘ื ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ืื“ื ื‘ื˜ื™ืœ ืืช ืฉืœื•ืฉืช ื”ื—ื™ืœื•ืงื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ื”ื‘ื™ื ื”ืžืื™ืจื™ ืฉื‘ืช ืกื”: ื“"ื” ื•ื™ืฉ.
  4. ื›ืฉื”ืชืขืจื•ื‘ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืื—ื“ ื‘ืฉื™ืฉื™ื ืœื ื‘ื˜ื™ืœ ื›ื™ ื™ืฉ ื‘ื• ื ื•ืชืŸ ื˜ืขื ื•ื˜ืขื ื›ืขื™ืงืจ ืžื“ืื•ืจื™ื™ืชื, ื•ืจืง ืขื“ ืื—ื“ ืžืฉื™ืฉื™ื ื‘ื˜ื™ืœ (ื•ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ืžื•ืขื™ืœ ืœื™ื™ืŸ ื ืกืš ืฉืื•ืกืจ ื‘ื›ืœืฉื”ื•, ื•ื“ื™ืŸ ืงืžื ืงืžื ื‘ื˜ื™ืœ ืžื‘ื˜ืœื• ืขื“ ืื—ื“ ืžืฉื™ืฉื™ื) ืชื•ืก' ื™ื‘ืžื•ืช ืคื‘: ื“"ื” ืืžืจ.

ื—ื“ ื‘ืชืจื™ ืžื“ืื•ืจื™ื™ืชื ื‘ื˜ืœ, ืืš ืจื‘ื ืŸ ืืกืจื• ื‘ืžื™ืŸ ื‘ืžื™ื ื•, ื‘ืœื—, ื•ื‘ื ื•ืชืŸ ื˜ืขื, ืขื“ ืฉื™ื”ื™ื• ืฉื™ืฉื™ื ื›ื ื’ื“ื•.

ื›ืžื•ืช ื•ืžื ื™ื™ืŸ, ื ื—ืœืงื• ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ืื—ืจ ืžื” ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื: ืื—ืจ ืจื•ื‘ ื”ื›ืžื•ืช (ื”ื’ื•ื“ืœ), ืื• ืื—ืจ ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ื (ื”ืžื ื™ื™ืŸ). ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืฉืชื™ ื—ืชื™ื›ื•ืช ืงื˜ื ื•ืช ื•ื—ืชื™ื›ื” ืื—ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื” (ืฉื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืฉืชื™ื”ืŸ ื™ื—ื“) ืคืจื™ ืžืฉื” ืจื•ื‘ ื›ื–-ื“.

ืื™ืกื•ืจ ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ื ื•ืœื“ ื‘ืชืขืจื•ื‘ืช, ื•ืœื ื”ืชืขืจื‘ ืื—ืจ ื›ืš, ืœื ืžืชื‘ื˜ืœ ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ื—ื•ืœื™ืŸ ืคืจืง ื™ ืชืฉืœื–. ื•ื‘ื™ืืจ ื”ืžื ื—ืช ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืืช ื˜ืขืžื•, ืฉื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ืžืงื•ืจื• ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ, ื•ืฉื ืœื ื›ืœ ื”ื“ืขื•ืช ื ืฉืžืขื•ืช ื‘ื‘ืช ืื—ืช. ื•ืข"ืค ื–ื” ื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ืฉื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืื™ืกื•ืจ ืงื“ื ืœื”ื™ืชืจ - ื’ื ื›ืŸ ื™ืชื‘ื˜ืœ, ื•ื›ืœ ื”ื—ื™ืกืจื•ืŸ ืจืง ื›ืฉื ื•ืœื“ื• ื™ื—ื“ ื’-ื ๏ฟฝืง"ื”.

ืœืื›ื•ืœ ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื—ืชื™ื›ื•ืช ื ื—ืœืงื• ื‘ื–ื” ืœืฉืœื•ืฉ ื“ืขื•ืช:

  1. ื™ืฉ ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืฉืžื•ืชืจ ืœืื›ื•ืœ ืืช ื›ื•ืœืŸ ืจื"ืฉ ื—ื•ืœื™ืŸ ืคืจืง ื– ืจื™ืฉ ืœื–.
  2. ื™ืฉ ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืฉืืกื•ืจ ืžื“ืจื‘ื ืŸ ื˜"ื– ื™ื•"ื“ ืงื˜-ื.
  3. ื™ืฉ ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืฉืืกื•ืจ ืžื“ืื•ืจื™ื™ืชื, ื•ื”ืื•ื›ืœ ืืช ื›ื•ืœืŸ ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ื—ื˜ืืช. ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื›ืœ ื“ื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื”ื•ื ืžื“ื™ืŸ ื›ืœ ื“ืคืจื™ืฉ, ื•ื›ืืŸ ื‘ื•ื•ื“ืื™ ืคื’ืข ื’ื ื‘ืื™ืกื•ืจ ืชืฉื•ื‘ื•ืช ืจ' ื™ืฉืขื™ื” ืžื˜ืจืื ื™, ืžื•ื“ืคืก ื‘ืฉืขืจื™ ื˜ื”ืจื” ืขืœ ืžืกื›ืช ื˜ื”ืจื•ืช ืค"ื ื”"ื“ ื“"ื” ื•ืขื•ื“ (ื“ืฃ ื—. ื‘ื“ืคื™ ื”ืกืคืจ). ื“ืŸ ื‘ื–ื” ื’ื ืงื”ื™ืœื•ืช ื™ืขืงื‘ ื‘ื›ื•ืจื•ืช ื›ื‘[1].

ื•ื›ืชื‘ ื”ืงื•ื‘ืฅ ืฉืžื•ืขื•ืช ื—ื•ืœื™ืŸ ืœื– ืฉื‘ืœื— ืœื›ื•"ืข ืžื•ืชืจ ืœืื›ื•ืœ ืืช ื›ื•ืœืŸ, ืœื“ืขื•ืช ืฉื‘ืœื— ื’ื ื˜ื•ืžืืช ืžืฉื ื‘ื˜ืœื”[2].

ื‘ืจื™ื” ืื™ื ื” ื‘ื˜ื™ืœื” ืืคื™ืœื• ื‘ืืœืฃ ืฉื•"ืข ื™ื•"ื“ ืง-ื.

ื•ื›ืŸ ื—ืชื™ื›ื” ื”ืจืื•ื™ื” ืœื”ืชื›ื‘ื“ ื‘ื” ืื™ื ื” ื‘ื˜ื™ืœื” ืืคื™ืœื• ื‘ืืœืฃ ืฉื•"ืข ื™ื•"ื“ ืงื-ื.

ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื“ืื•ืจื™ื™ืชื ืฉื ืชืขืจื‘ ื•ื‘ื˜ืœ ืžื“ืื•ืจื™ื™ืชื ื•ืืกื•ืจ ืจืง ืžื“ืจื‘ื ืŸ, ื“ืŸ ื‘ื–ื” ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ื—"ื ืงื›ื’ ืœื“ืขื” ืฉืจืง ืื™ืกื•ืจื™ ื“ืื•ืจื™ื™ืชื ื”ื ืื™ืกื•ืจื™ ื—ืคืฆื, ืืš ืื™ืกื•ืจื™ ื“ืจื‘ื ืŸ ื”ื ืื™ืกื•ืจื™ ื’ื‘ืจื, ืžื” ื™ื”ื™ื” ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื‘ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื–ื”: ื”ืื ื”ื•ื ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื’ื‘ืจื ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื›ืขืช ื”ื•ื ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื“ืจื‘ื ืŸ ื›ื›ืœ ืฉืืจ ืื™ืกื•ืจื™ ื“ืจื‘ื ืŸ, ืื• ืฉืจื‘ื ืŸ ื’ื–ืจื• ืฉื”ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื“ืื•ืจื™ื™ืชื ืœื ืžืชื‘ื˜ืœ ื•ื"ื› ื”ื•ื ื ืฉืืจ ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื—ืคืฆื ื›ืฉืืจ ืื™ืกื•ืจื™ ื“ืื•ืจื™ื™ืชื.

ื˜ื•ืžืื” ืฉื‘ื˜ืœื” ื‘ืจื•ื‘ - ื”ื˜ื•ืžืื” ืขืฆืžื” ืœื ื ืชื‘ื˜ืœื”, ืืœื ืจืง ื”ื“ื™ื ื™ื ื•ื”ืื™ืกื•ืจื™ื ื”ื ื•ื‘ืขื™ื ืžืžื ื” ืงื•ื‘ืฅ ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื—"ื‘ (ืจ' ื“ื•ื“ ื”ื›ื”ืŸ ืจืคืคื•ืจื˜) ื–-ื‘ ื“"ื” ื•ื”ื ื”. ื•ื”ื’ืจ"ื ื•ืกืจืžืŸ ื”ืกืชืคืง ื‘ื›ืœื™ ื˜ืžื ืฉื ืชืขืจื‘ ื‘ื›ืœื™ื ื˜ื”ื•ืจื™ื ื•ื˜ื‘ืœ ืืช ื›ื•ืœื ื•ืื—"ื› ื”ื•ื›ืจ ืื™ื–ื” ื›ืœื™ ื”ื•ื ื”ื˜ืžื - ื”ืื ื”ื˜ื‘ื™ืœื” ื”ื•ืขื™ืœื” ืœื•, ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื˜ื‘ื™ืœื” ื”ื™ื” ื˜ื”ื•ืจ (ืžื“ื™ืŸ ื”ืชืขืจื•ื‘ืช) ืงื•ื‘ืฅ ื‘ื™ืื•ืจื™ื ื‘ื›ื•ืจื•ืช ื‘ืกื•ืคื•, ื•ื ืจืื” ืฉืชืœื•ื™ ื‘ื—ืงื™ืจื” ื–ื• - ื”ืื ื”ื˜ื•ืžืื” ื‘ื˜ืœื” ืื• ืจืง ื“ื™ื ื™ ื”ื˜ื•ืžืื”.

ืชืขืจื•ื‘ืช ืฉื”ื•ื›ืจื” - ื”ื’ืจ"ื ื•ืกืจืžืŸ ื“ืŸ ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืืจื‘ืขื” ื“ื™ื ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื ื”ืื ื”ื ื—ืœื™ื ื’ื ืขืœ ืชืขืจื•ื‘ืช ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื”ื•ื›ืจื” ืงื•ื‘ืฅ ื‘ื™ืื•ืจื™ื ื‘ื›ื•ืจื•ืช ื‘ืกื•ืคื•, ื‘ืฉื ื™ ื”ืžืงืจื™ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ื›ืชื‘ ืฉื”ื“ื™ืŸ ืœื ื—ืœ, ื•ื‘ืฉื ื™ ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ื”ืกืชืคืง:

  1. ื˜ื‘ืœ ืฉื ืชืขืจื‘ ื‘ื—ื•ืœื™ืŸ ื•ืขื™ืฉืจ ืขืœื™ื• ืžืŸ ื”ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ื“ืื•ืจื™ื™ืชื, ื•ืื—"ื› ื”ื•ื›ืจื” ื”ืชืขืจื•ื‘ืช - ื—ื•ื–ืจ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื˜ื‘ืœ ื’ืžื•ืจ, ืฉื”ื”ืคืจืฉื” ืœื ื”ื•ืขื™ืœื” ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื”ืคืจืฉื” ื”ื™ื” ืžืŸ ื”ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ืขืœ ื”ืคื˜ื•ืจ (ืฉื”ืจื™ ื”ืชืขืจื•ื‘ืช ื”ืชื™ืจื” ืื•ืชื•).
  2. ืžืขืฉืจ ืฉื ื™ ืฉื ืชืขืจื‘ ื‘ื—ื•ืœื™ืŸ ื•ืคื“ืื• ื•ืื—"ื› ื”ื•ื›ืจ - ื”ืคื“ื™ื•ืŸ ืœื ื”ื•ืขื™ืœ, ืฉื‘ืื•ืชื• ื”ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื™ื” ื›ื—ื•ืœื™ืŸ.
  3. ื›ืœื™ ื˜ืžื ืฉื ืชืขืจื‘ ื‘ื›ืœื™ื ื˜ื”ื•ืจื™ื ื•ื˜ื‘ืœ ืืช ื›ื•ืœื ื•ืื—"ื› ื”ื•ื›ืจ ืื™ื–ื” ื›ืœื™ ื”ื•ื ื”ื˜ืžื - ื”ืกืชืคืง ืฉื ื”ืื ื”ื˜ื‘ื™ืœื” ื”ื•ืขื™ืœื” ืœื•, ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื˜ื‘ื™ืœื” ื”ื™ื” ื˜ื”ื•ืจ (ืžื“ื™ืŸ ื”ืชืขืจื•ื‘ืช)[3].
  4. ื—ื“ืฉ ืฉื ืชืขืจื‘ ื‘ื™ืฉืŸ ื•ืขื‘ืจ ืขืœื™ื• ื”ืขื•ืžืจ ื•ืื—"ื› ื”ื•ื›ืจ - ื”ืกืชืคืง ืฉื ื”ืื ื”ืขื•ืžืจ ื”ืชื™ืจื• ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื”ื™ื” ืžืขื•ืจื‘.

ืื ื ืคืœ ืฆื™ืจ ืื• ื—ืœื‘ ืžื•ืชืš ืขืœ ื›ืœื™, ื•ืื™ื ื• ื™ื•ื“ืข ื‘ืื™ื–ื” ืžืงื•ื ื ื’ืข, ื•ื”ื•ื ืžื™ืขื•ื˜ ื”ื›ืœื™ - ื‘ื˜ืœ ื‘ืจื•ื‘. ืžื•ื‘ื ื‘ืคืช"ืฉ ื™ื•ืจื” ื“ืขื” ืกื™ืžืŸ ืฆื ืกืง"ื˜.

ื›ืœืœื™ื[ืขืจื™ื›ื”]

ื‘ืกืขื™ืฃ ื–ื” ื ื“ื•ืŸ ื”ืื ื”ื”ื›ืจืขื” ืชื•ืขื™ืœ ื‘ืžืงืจื™ื (ื›ืœืœื™ื) ืฉืžื‘ื˜ืœื™ื ื—ืœืง ืžื”ื”ื›ืจืขื•ืช.

ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื• ืžืชื™ืจื™ืŸ, ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉื™ืฉ ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœื”ืชื™ืจื• ื‘ืœื™ ืœื”ื™ื›ื ืก ืœืกืคืง, ืžืคื•ืจืฉ ื‘ื’ืžืจื ืฉื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ืœื ืžื•ืขื™ืœ ื•ืืกื•ืจ ืœืื•ื›ืœื• ื‘ื™ืฆื” ื’:.

ื‘ืงื‘ื•ืข, ื“ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืฉื”ืกืคืง ืœื ืคืจืฉ ืžื”ืชืขืจื•ื‘ืช ืืœื ื ืžืฆื ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื”, ื“ืขืช ื”ืคืจ"ื— ืฉืื™ืŸ ื‘ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื“ื™ืŸ ืงื‘ื•ืข, ื•ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื™ื•ืขื™ืœ, ืืš ืœื“ืขืช ื”ื›ืจืชื™ ื•ืคืœืชื™ ื–ื• ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ื”ื‘ื™ืื ื”ืฉืขืจื™ ื™ื•ืฉืจ ื’-ื• ื“"ื” ื•ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ, ื•ื ืจืื” ืฉื ื—ืœืงื• ื”ืื ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื‘ืจื•ื‘ ื”ื•ื ืžื“ื™ืŸ ืจื•ื‘ ื‘ืกืคื™ืงื•ืช, ืฉืงื‘ื•ืข ืžื•ืขื™ืœ ื‘ื•[4].

ืื ืฉื™ื[ืขืจื™ื›ื”]

ื‘ื’ื•ื™ ืœื ื ืืžืจ ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ืฉืœ ืื—ืจื™ ืจื‘ื™ื ืœื”ื˜ื•ืช, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืœื”ื ื”ื™ืชืจ ืฉืœ ืจื•ื‘ ื‘ืชืขืจื•ื‘ืช ืคืจื™ ืžื’ื“ื™ื ื™ื•"ื“ ืคืชื™ื—ื” ืœืชืขืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ื—"ื ื—ืงื™ืจื” ื’, ืžื ื—ืช ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืกื•ืฃ ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ื‘ ื“"ื” ื•ื”ื ืจืื” (ืžื‘ื ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืžื ื—ืช ื—ื™ื ื•ืš).

ืจืื” ื’ื[ืขืจื™ื›ื”]

ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืฉื•ืœื™ื™ื[ืขืจื™ื›ื”]

  1. โ†‘ ื”ื‘ืื ื• ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช ื‘ื–ื” ืœืขื™ืœ ื‘ืกืขื™ืฃ "ืžืงื•ืจ ื•ื˜ืขื" ื“"ื” ื˜ืขืžื•.
  2. โ†‘ ื”ื‘ืื ื• ืืช ื”ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช ื‘ื–ื” ืœืขื™ืœ ื‘ืกืขื™ืฃ "ื‘ื“ื™ื ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื" ื“"ื” ื‘ื˜ื•ืžืืช ืžืฉื.
  3. โ†‘ ืœืขื™ืœ (ื“"ื” ื˜ื•ืžืื” ืฉื‘ื˜ืœื” ื‘ืจื•ื‘) ืชืœื™ื ื• ื–ืืช ื‘ื—ืงื™ืจื” ื”ืื ื”ื˜ื•ืžืื” ื‘ื˜ืœื” ืื• ืจืง ื“ื™ื ื™ ื”ื˜ื•ืžืื”.
  4. โ†‘ ื”ื‘ืื ื• ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช ื‘ื–ื” ืœืขื™ืœ ื‘ืกืขื™ืฃ "ืžืงื•ืจ ื•ื˜ืขื" ื“"ื” ื‘ื˜ืขืžื•.
ืื•ื—ื–ืจ ืžืชื•ืš "https://www.yeshiva.org.il/wiki/index.php?title=ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ_ื‘ืจื•ื‘&oldid=115077"