ื“ืจืฉื ื™:ืขืฉื™ื™ืช ืžืœืื›ืช ืื‘ืœ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืฉืœื™ื— (Zvi Ryzman)

ืžืชื•ืš ื•ื™ืงื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”
ืงืคื™ืฆื” ืœื ื™ื•ื•ื˜ ืงืคื™ืฆื” ืœื—ื™ืคื•ืฉ

ืกื™ืžืŸ ื™ื’

ืขืฉื™ื™ืช ืžืœืื›ืช ืื‘ึตืœ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืฉืœื™ื—

ื•ื‘ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ืžืงื‘ืœ ืฉื‘ืช ืฉืืžืจ ืœื—ื‘ืจื• ืฉืœื ืงื™ื‘ืœ ืฉื‘ืช ืฉื™ืขืฉื” ืขื‘ื•ืจื• ืžืœืื›ื”

ื. ืื‘ืœ ืืกื•ืจ ื‘ืขืฉื™ื™ืช ืžืœืื›ื” ื‘ื™ืžื™ ื”ืฉื‘ืขื”, ื›ืคื™ ืฉื ืคืกืง ื‘ืฉื•"ืข (ื™ื•"ื“ ืกื™' ืฉืค ืกืข' ื). ื•ืœื ื–ื• ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ืืœื ืฉื ืคืกืง ื‘ืฉื•"ืข (ืฉื ืกืข' ื”) ื›ื™ "ืืกื•ืจ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืžืœืื›ืชื• ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืื—ืจื™ื (ืืคื™' ืขื•ื‘ื“ ื›ื•ื›ื‘ื™ื) ืืœื ืื ื›ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืื‘ื“, ืฉื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืื‘ื“ ืžื•ืชืจ ืœืื‘ืœ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืื—ืจื™ื".

ื•ื”ืงืฉื” ื‘ืฉื•"ืข ื”ืจื‘ (ืกื™ืžืŸ ืจืกื’; ืงื•ื ื˜ืจืก ืื—ืจื•ืŸ ืื•ืช ื—) ืžื”ืœื›ื” ื–ื• ืขืœ ืคืกืง ื”ืฉื•"ืข ื‘ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืฉื‘ืช (ืกื™' ืจืกื’ ืกืข' ื™ื–) "ื™ืฉ ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืฉืžื™ ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœ ืขืœื™ื• ืฉื‘ืช ืงื•ื“ื ืฉื—ืฉื™ื›ื” ืžื•ืชืจ ืœื•ืžืจ ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ ื—ื‘ืจื• ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืœื• ืžืœืื›ื”". ื•ื ืฉืืœืช ื”ืฉืืœื”, ืžื“ื•ืข ืžื™ ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœ ืฉื‘ืช ืจืฉืื™ ืœื•ืžืจ ืœื—ื‘ืจื• ืฉื™ืขืฉื” ืขื‘ื•ืจื• ืžืœืื›ื” ื”ืžื•ืชืจืช ืœื—ื‘ืจื•, ื‘ืขื•ื“ ืฉืื‘ืœ ืฉืืกื•ืจ ื‘ืžืœืื›ื” ื‘ื™ืžื™ ื”ืฉื‘ืขื” ืื™ื ื• ืจืฉืื™ ืœื•ืžืจ ืœื—ื‘ืจื• ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืœื• ืžืœืื›ื”, ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉืœื—ื‘ืจื• ืฉืื™ื ื• ืื‘ืœ ื”ืจื™ ืžื•ืชืจ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืžืœืื›ื”.

ื‘. ื•ื”ื ื” ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืฉื•"ืข ื‘ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืฉื‘ืช (ืกื™' ืจืกื’ ืกืข' ื™ื–) "ื™ืฉ ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืฉืžื™ ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœ ืขืœื™ื• ืฉื‘ืช ืงื•ื“ื ืฉื—ืฉื™ื›ื” ืžื•ืชืจ ืœื•ืžืจ ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ ื—ื‘ืจื• ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืœื• ืžืœืื›ื”", ื”ื ืฉื™ื˜ืช ื”ืจืฉื‘"ื, ื•ื‘ื”ื‘ื ืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ื ื—ืœืงื• ื”ืคื•ืกืงื™ื, ื›ืคื™ ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืืจ.

ื‘ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉื™ื• ืœืžืกื›ืช ืฉื‘ืช (ืงื ื, ื) ืœืžื“ ื”ืจืฉื‘"ื ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื’ืžืจื ืฉืื“ื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื•ืžืจ ืœื—ื‘ืจื• ืฉืžื•ืจ ืœื™ ืคื™ืจื•ืช ืฉื‘ืชื—ื•ืžืš ื•ืื ื™ ืืฉืžื•ืจ ืœืš ืคื™ืจื•ืช ืฉื‘ืชื—ื•ืžื™ โ€“ "ืฉื™ืฉืจืืœ ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœ ืขืœื™ื• ืฉื‘ืช ืงื•ื“ื ืฉื—ืฉื™ื›ื”, ืžื•ืชืจ ืœื•ืžืจ ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ ื—ื‘ืจื• ืฉืœื ืงื™ื‘ืœ ืขืœื™ื• ืฉื‘ืช ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืœื• ืžืœืื›ื”". ื•ื”ืจ"ืŸ (ืฉื ื“ืฃ ืกื“, ื‘ ื‘ื“ืคื™ ื”ืจื™"ืฃ; ื“"ื” ื•ืžื“ืืžืจื™ื ืŸ) ื›ืชื‘ ืขืœ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืจืฉื‘"ื: "ื•ืœื™ ื ืจืื” ื“ืื™ืŸ ื”ื ื™ื“ื•ืŸ ื“ื•ืžื” ืœืจืื™ื”, ื“ืฉืื ื™ ื”ื›ื, ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ืฉืžื•ืชืจ ืœื•ืžืจ ืœื—ื‘ืจื• ืฉืžื•ืจ ืœื™ ืคื™ืจื•ืช ืฉื‘ืชื—ื•ืžืš, ืžืฉื•ื ื“ืื ื™ืฉ ืฉื ื‘ื•ืจื’ื ื™ืŸ ื”ืจื™ ื”ื•ื ืขืฆืžื• ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืฉื‘ืช, ืžืฉื"ื› ื‘ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœ ืขืœื™ื• ืฉื‘ืช, ื”ื•ื ืขืฆืžื• ืื™ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืžืœืื›ื”".

ื•ื›ืชื‘ ื”ื‘ื™ืช ื™ื•ืกืฃ (ืกื™ืžืŸ ืจืกื’) ืฉื”ืฉื’ืช ื”ืจ"ืŸ ืื™ื ื” ืžื•ื‘ื ืช, ืฉื›ืŸ ืœืขื ื™ืŸ ืงื‘ืœืช ืฉื‘ืช ื’ื ื›ืŸ ื™ืฉ ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉืื ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืžืงื‘ืœ ืขืœื™ื• ืฉื‘ืช ื”ื™ื” ื’ื ืœื• ืžื•ืชืจ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืžืœืื›ื”, ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ื›ืžื• ืฉืื•ืžืจื™ื ืฉืื ื”ื™ื• ื‘ื•ืจื’ื ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืœื›ืช. ื•ืžืื—ืจ ื•ื“ื—ื” ืžืจืŸ ื”ื‘"ื™ ืืช ืงื•ืฉื™ื™ืช ื”ืจ"ืŸ, ืคืกืง ื‘ืฉื•"ืข (ืกื™' ืจืกื’ ืกืข' ื™ื–) "ื™ืฉ ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืฉืžื™ ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœ ืขืœื™ื• ืฉื‘ืช ืงื•ื“ื ืฉื—ืฉื™ื›ื” ืžื•ืชืจ ืœื•ืžืจ ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ ื—ื‘ืจื• ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืœื• ืžืœืื›ื”". ื•ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื›ื“ืขืช ื”ืจืฉื‘"ื, ื•ืœื ืฆื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉื•"ืข ื›ืœืœ ืฉื™ืฉ ื—ื•ืœืงื™ื ื‘ื–ื”.

ื’ื“ืจ ื”ื”ื™ืชืจ - ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื”ื™ืชืจ ืœืื•ืžืจ ืขืฆืžื•

ื‘. ื‘ื”ื‘ื ืช ืฉื™ื˜ืช ื”ืจืฉื‘"ื ื ื—ืœืงื• ื”ืคื•ืกืงื™ื.

ื”ืžื’"ื (ืฉื ืก"ืง ืœ) ื‘ื™ืืจ ืืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื›ืคืฉื˜ื•ืชื: "ืžื•ืชืจ ืœื•ืžืจ, ื“ื”ื ืื™ ื‘ืขื™ ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืžืงื‘ืœ ืฉื‘ืช ืขืœื™ื•, ื•ื›ืœ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื• ื”ื™ืชืจ ืžื•ืชืจ ืืžื™ืจื”, ื›ืžื• ืฉื›ืชื•ื‘ (ืกื™ืžืŸ ืฉื– ืกืขื™ืฃ ื—)". ื•ื›ื•ื•ื ืชื• ืœืคืกืง ื”ืฉื•"ืข ืฉืžื•ืชืจ ืœื•ืžืจ ื‘ืฉื‘ืช "ืœื›ืจืš ืคืœื•ื ื™ ืื ื™ ื”ื•ืœืš ืœืžื—ืจ", ื”ื™ื•ืช ื•ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืฉืžื•ืชืจ ื’ื ื‘ืฉื‘ืช ืœืœื›ืช ืœืฉื, ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืื ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื•ืจื’ื ื™ืŸ ืžื›ืืŸ ืขื“ ืื•ืชื• ื›ืจืš. ืœื›ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื’ื ืื ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืžืงื‘ืœ ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื• ืืช ื”ืฉื‘ืช ื”ื•ื ืขืฆืžื• ืžื•ืชืจ ื‘ืžืœืื›ื”, ืืข"ืค ืฉืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืื™ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืœื›ืช. ื•ื‘ืขืฆื ืืœื• ื”ื ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื‘"ื™, ืืœื ืฉื”ืžื’"ื ื”ื‘ื™ื ืจืื™ื” ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืจืฉื‘"ื ืžื”ื”ืœื›ื” ืฉืžื•ืชืจ ืœื•ืžืจ ืœื—ื‘ืจื• ืฉืžื•ืจ ืœื™ ืคื™ืจื•ืช ืฉื‘ืชื—ื•ืžืš. ื•ืžื‘ื•ืืจ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ื•, ืฉืกื™ื‘ืช ื”ื”ื™ืชืจ ืชืœื•ื™ื” ื‘ืžื” ืฉื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื™ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื•ืชืจ ืœืžืฉืœื— ืขืฆืžื•.

ืื•ืœื ื”ื˜"ื– (ืกื™' ืจืกื’ ืก"ืง ื’) ื›ืชื‘: "ื•ื ืจืื” ืœืขื ื™ื•ืช ื“ืขืชื™ ืฉื˜ืขื ืช ื”ื‘ื™ืช ื™ื•ืกืฃ ืื™ื ื” ื˜ืขื ื” ื‘ื–ื”". ื•ืžื” ืฉื›ืชื‘ ื”ื‘ื™ืช ื™ื•ืกืฃ ืฉื’ื ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืงื‘ืœืช ืฉื‘ืช ืื ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืžืงื‘ืœ ืขืœื™ื• ืฉื‘ืช ื”ื™ื” ืžื•ืชืจ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืžืœืื›ื” ื™ืฉ ืœื“ื—ื•ืช "ื“ืขื“ ื›ืืŸ ืœื ืžื”ื ื™ ืกื‘ืจื ื–ื• ืฉื™ืฉ ื”ื™ืชืจ ื‘ืœืื• ื”ื›ื™, ืืœื ื›ืœ ืฉื™ืฉ ื”ื™ืชืจ ืขื›ืฉื™ื•. ืื‘ืœ ืœื ืžื”ื ื™ ืœื•ืžืจ ื›ืŸ ืœืžืคืจืข, ื“ื”ื™ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืชื—ื™ืœื” ื‘ืขื ื™ืŸ ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื”ื™ืชืจ [ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ืื ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœื” ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืžืงื‘ืœ ืฉื‘ืช ืื– ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื”ื™ื” ืžื•ืชืจ], ื“ืžื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืื™ืŸ ืœื• ื”ื™ืชืจ". ืืš ืœืขื•ืžืช ื–ืืช, ื”ื”ื™ืชืจ ืœื•ืžืจ "ืœื›ืจืš ืคืœื•ื ื™ ืื ื™ ื”ื•ืœืš ืœืžื—ืจ" ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืžืคื ื™ ืฉืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื‘ืฉื‘ืช ื™ืฉ ืœื• ื”ื™ืชืจ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื‘ื•ืจื’ื ื™ืŸ, ืฉืื™ืŸ ืขืœื™ื”ื ืื™ืกื•ืจ ืชื—ื•ื ืฉื‘ืช.

ืืœื ืฉื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื˜"ื– ืฉื”ื”ื™ืชืจ ืœืœื›ืช ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื‘ื•ืจื’ื ื™ืŸ ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื‘ืฉื‘ืช, ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืขื™ื•ืŸ, ืฉื”ืจื™ ื‘ืฉื‘ืช ืื™ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ื‘ื•ืจื’ื ื™ืŸ [ืกื•ื›ื•ืช]. ื•ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื‘"ื— ืžื™ื•ืฉื‘ืช ืงื•ืฉื™ื ื–ื•, ื›ื™ "ื‘ืฉืžื™ืจืช ืคื™ืจื•ืช ืฉื—ื•ืฅ ืœืชื—ื•ืžื• ืืฃ ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื™ืฉ ืœื• ื”ื™ืชืจ ื‘ืฉื‘ืช ื–ื• ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืคื™ืจื•ืชื™ื• ืฉื—ื•ืฅ ืœืชื—ื•ืžื•, ืื ื”ื™ื• ื’ื•ื™ื™ื ืžืชืงื ื™ื ื‘ื•ืจื’ื ื™ืŸ". ื•ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืฉืืฃ ืขืชื” ื™ืฉ ืœื• ื”ื™ืชืจ ื‘ืฉื‘ืช ื–ื• ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืคื™ืจื•ืชื™ื• ืฉื—ื•ืฅ ืœืชื—ื•ืžื•, ืื ื”ื™ื• ื’ื•ื™ื ืžืชืงื ื™ื ืืช ื”ืกื•ื›ื•ืช [ื‘ื•ืจื’ื ื™ืŸ].

ื’ื“ืจ ื”ื”ื™ืชืจ - ืื ืœืขื•ืฉื” ื”ืžืขืฉื” ื™ื”ื™ื” ื”ื™ืชืจ

ื’. ื”ื‘ื ื” ืื—ืจืช ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืจืฉื‘"ื ื›ืชื‘ื• ื”ื‘"ื— ื•ื”ื˜"ื–.

ืœื“ืขืชื, ืื™ืŸ ื›ื•ื•ื ืช ื”ืจืฉื‘"ื ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉืฆืจื™ืš ืฉืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื™ื”ื™ื” ื”ื™ืชืจ ืœืขืฆืžื•, ืืœื ื›ื•ื•ื ืชื• ืฉื‘ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ืื•ืžืจ ืœื—ื‘ืจื• ืฉืžื•ืจ ืœื™ ืคื™ืจื•ืช ืฉื‘ืชื—ื•ืžืš, ื”ื™ื•ืช ื•ืœืฉื•ืžืจ ื”ืคื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืจื™ ื–ื” ืžืขืฉื” ื”ื™ืชืจ [ืฉื”ืจื™ ื”ืคื™ืจื•ืช ื ืžืฆืื™ื ื‘ืชื—ื•ืžื•], ืžื•ืชืจ ืœื•ืžืจ ืœืฉื•ืžืจ ืœืฉืžื•ืจ, ื•ืื™ืŸ ืฆืจื™ืš ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ืžืขืฉื” ื”ื™ืชืจ ืœื–ื” ืฉืžื‘ืงืฉ ืœืฉืžื•ืจ, ืืœื ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ืžืขืฉื” ื”ื™ืชืจ ืœื–ื” ืฉืฉื•ืžืจ. ื•ืžื›ืืŸ ืœืžื“ ื”ืจืฉื‘"ื ืฉื›ืฉื ืฉืžื•ืชืจ ืœืŸืžืจ ืœื—ื‘ืจื• "ืฉืžื•ืจ ืœื™ ืคื™ืจื•ืช ืฉื‘ืชื—ื•ืžืš", ื›ื™ ืœื—ื‘ืจื• ื”ืฉื•ืžืจ ืžื•ืชืจ, ื”ื™ื•ืช ื•ืื™ืŸ ืขืœื™ื• [ื”ืฉื•ืžืจ] ืื™ืกื•ืจ ืฉื‘ืช - ื›ืš ื‘ื ื“ื•ืŸ ื“ื™ื“ืŸ, ื›ืืฉืจ ืงื™ื‘ืœ ืฉื‘ืช ืงื•ื“ื ื—ืฉื™ื›ื” ื•ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื—ื‘ืจื• ืœื ืงื™ื‘ืœ ืฉื‘ืช, ื‘ืจื•ืจ ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉื”ืืžื™ืจื” ืžื•ืชืจืช, ื›ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื˜"ื–: "ื“ืœื ื ืืกืจ ืืžื™ืจื” ืืœื ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉื”ื•ื ืฉื•ื” ืœื›ืœ ืื“ื ืžื™ืฉืจืืœ".

ืœืกื™ื›ื•ื, ืขืœื• ื‘ื™ื“ื™ื ื• ื‘' ื“ืจื›ื™ื ื‘ื”ื‘ื ืช ื“ืขืช ื”ืจืฉื‘"ื, ื‘ื’ื“ืจ ื”ื”ื™ืชืจ ืœืžื™ ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœ ืขืœื™ื• ืฉื‘ืช ืงื•ื“ื ื—ืฉื™ื›ื” ืœื•ืžืจ ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ ื—ื‘ืจื• ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืœื• ืžืœืื›ื”:

ืœืคื™ ื”ืžื’"ื - ื’ื“ืจ ื”ื”ื™ืชืจ ื”ื•ื ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื”ื™ืชืจ ืœืื•ืžืจ ืขืฆืžื•.

ื•ืœืคื™ ื”ื‘"ื— ื•ื”ื˜"ื– - ืื™ืŸ ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ื›ืš, ืืœื ื“ื™ ืื ืœืขื•ืฉื” ื”ืžืขืฉื” ื™ื”ื™ื” ื”ื™ืชืจ.

ื’ื“ืจ ื”ื”ื™ืชืจ - ื›ื™ ืœื ืงื™ื‘ืœ ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื• ืœืฉื‘ื•ืช ืžืื™ืกื•ืจื™ื "ืฉืื™ื ื ืชืœื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ื’ื•ืคื•"

ื“. ืขืœ ื™ืกื•ื“ ื”ื”ื™ืชืจ ืœื•ืžืจ ืœื—ื‘ืจื• ืฉื™ืขืฉื” ืขื‘ื•ืจื• ืžืœืื›ื” ื”ืžื•ืชืจืช ืœื—ื‘ืจื•, ื”ืงืฉื” ื‘ืฉื•"ืข ื”ืจื‘ (ืกื™ืžืŸ ืจืกื’; ืงื•ื ื˜ืจืก ืื—ืจื•ืŸ ืื•ืช ื—) ืฉืชื™ ืงื•ืฉื™ื•ืช ื—ืžื•ืจื•ืช:

[ื] "ืื‘ืœ ืฆ"ืข, ื“ื”ื ืึทื‘ึตืœ ืืกื•ืจ ืœื•ืžืจ ืœื—ื‘ื™ืจื• ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืœื• ืžืœืื›ื” ืืข"ืค ืฉืœื—ื‘ืจื• ืžื•ืชืจ". ื•ื›ื•ื•ื ืชื• ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ ืžืจืŸ ื”ืžื—ื‘ืจ ื‘ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืื‘ืœื•ืช (ืฉื•"ืข ื™ื•"ื“ ืกื™ืžืŸ ืฉืค ืกืข' ื”) "ืืกื•ืจ [ืœืื‘ืœ] ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืžืœืื›ืชื• ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืื—ืจื™ื", ื•ื–ืืช ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ, ืœื—ื‘ืจื• [ืฉืื™ื ื• ืื‘ืœ] ืžื•ืชืจ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืžืœืื›ื”. ื•ืื ื›ืŸ ื›ืฉื ืฉืืกื•ืจ ืœื—ื‘ืจื• ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืžืœืื›ื” ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืื‘ืœ, ื›ืš ืœื›ืื•ืจื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืืกื•ืจ ืœื•ืžืจ ืœื—ื‘ืจื• ืฉื™ืขืฉื” ืขื‘ื•ืจื• ืžืœืื›ื” ืœืื—ืจ ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœ ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื• ืฉื‘ืช.

[ื‘] "ื•ืขื•ื“ ืงืฉื”, ื“ื”ื™ื›ื™ ืฉืจื™ื ืŸ ืœื™ื” ืœืžื™ืžืจ ืœื—ื‘ืจื•, ื”ื ืงื™ื™ืžื ืœืŸ ืฉืœื•ื—ื• ืฉืœ ืื“ื ื›ืžื•ืชื• ื•ื™ื“ื• ื›ื™ื“ื•, ื•ื”ืจื™ ื–ื” ื›ืขื•ืฉื” ื‘ืขืฆืžื•". ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ืžืื—ืจ ื•"ืฉืœื•ื—ื• ืฉืœ ืื“ื ื›ืžื•ืชื•", ื”ืจื™ ื–ื” ื ื—ืฉื‘ ื›ืื™ืœื• ืขืฉื” ื”ืฉื•ืœื— ื‘ืขืฆืžื• ืžืœืื›ื” ืฉืืกื•ืจื” ืœื• [ื•ื›ืžื• ืฉืžืคื•ืจืฉ ื‘ื’ืžืจื (ื‘ื‘ื ืžืฆื™ืขื ื™, ื‘) ื•ื‘ืจื"ืฉ (ืฉื) ืฉื”ืื•ืžืจ ืœืืฉื” ืฉืชืงื™ืฃ ืืช ืจืืฉ ื”ืงื˜ืŸ, ื”ืฉื•ืœื— ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืžืœืงื•ืช ืขืœ ืœืื• ื“ืœื ืชืงื™ืคื•, ื•ื”ื˜ืขื ื”ื•ื ืžืฉื•ื ืฉืขืฉืชื” ื‘ืฉืœื™ื—ื•ืชื• ื•ื”ืจื™ ื–ื” ื›ืื™ืœื• ื”ืฉืœื™ื— ื”ืงื™ืฃ ื‘ืขืฆืžื•]. ื•ืื ื›ืŸ ื’ื ื”ืื•ืžืจ ืœื—ื‘ืจื• ืฉืœื ืงื™ื‘ืœ ืขืœื™ื• ืฉื‘ืช ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืœื• ืžืœืื›ื”, ืืฃ ืฉืœื—ื‘ืจื• ืžื•ืชืจ, ืžื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ื”ืจื™ ืžื˜ืขื ืฉืœื™ื—ื•ืช ื ื—ืฉื‘ ืฉื”ืื•ืžืจ ื”ื•ื ื–ื” ืฉืขื•ืฉื”, ื•ื“ื‘ืจ ื–ื” ืืกื•ืจ ืœื• ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ืงื™ื‘ืœ ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื• ืืช ื”ืฉื‘ืช.

ื•ืžื—ืžืช ืงื•ืฉื™ื•ืช ืืœื• ืงื‘ืข ื”ืฉื•"ืข ื”ืจื‘, ืฉื”ื‘ื™ืื•ืจ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืจืฉื‘"ื ื”ื•ื ืžื˜ืขื ืื—ืจ: "ื“ื”ืžืงื‘ืœ ืฉื‘ืช ืžื‘ืขื•ื“ ื™ื•ื ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื•, ืืฃ ืฉืžืกืชืžื ืงื‘ืœ ืขืœื™ื• ื›ืœ ื—ื•ืžืจื•ืช ื•ืกื™ื™ื’ื™ื ื”ืฉื™ื™ื›ื™ื ืœืฉื‘ืช, ื›ืžื• ืฉื ืชื‘ืืจ ื‘ืกื™' ืจืก"ื, ืžื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ืœื ืงื™ื‘ืœ ืžืกืชืžื ืืœื ืื™ืกื•ืจื™ื ื”ืชืœื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ื’ื•ืคื• ืื‘ืœ ืœื ื”ืชืœื•ื™ื™ื ื—ื•ืฅ ืœื’ื•ืคื•, ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืื—ืจ ื”ืขื•ืฉื” ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœื• ืฉืœื ื™ืฆื˜ืจืš ืœืžื—ื•ืช [ื“ื”ื™ื™ื ื•, ืื ื—ื‘ืจื• ื™ืขืฉื” ืขื‘ื•ืจื• ืืช ื”ืžืœืื›ื”, ื”ื•ื ืื™ื ื• ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืžื—ื•ืช ื‘ื• ืฉืœื ื™ืขืฉื”]. ื•ื”ื•ื ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ืœืขื ื™ืŸ ืืžื™ืจื” ืฉืื™ืŸ ื‘ื” ืžืฉื•ื ืื™ืกื•ืจ ืฉืœื™ื—ื•ืช, ื“ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืžื” ืฉืขื•ืฉื” ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœื•, ืฉืื™ืกื•ืจ ื–ื” ื ื•ืœื“ ื‘ืฉืขืช ืขืฉื™ื™ืช ืžืœืื›ื” ืฉืขื•ืฉื” ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœื• ืฉื ืขืฉื™ืช ื™ื“ื• ื›ื™ื“ื•, ื•ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื”ื‘ื ืžืืœื™ื• ื”ื•ื ื•ื”ื•ื ืื™ื ื• ืขื•ืฉื” ืฉื•ื ืžืขืฉื” ื‘ื–ื”, ื•ื–ื” ื•ื“ืื™ ืœื ืงื‘ืœ ืขืœื™ื•".

ื‘ืงื‘ืœืช ืฉื‘ืช ื™ืฉ ื“ื™ืŸ ืžื™ื•ื—ื“, ืฉืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉื‘ื•ื•ื“ืื™ ืžืงื‘ืœ ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื• ืฉื‘ืช ืขื ื›ืœ ื”ื—ื•ืžืจื•ืช ื•ื”ืกื™ื™ื’ื™ื ื”ืฉื™ื™ื›ื™ื ืœื“ื™ื ื™ ืฉื‘ืช, ืžืกืชื‘ืจ ืฉื‘ืกืชืžื ื”ื•ื ืื™ื ื• ืžืงื‘ืœ ืขืœื™ื• ืืœื ืื™ืกื•ืจื™ื ื”ืชืœื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ื’ื•ืคื•, ื“ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืื™ืกื•ืจื™ื ืฉื”ื•ื ืขื•ืฉื” ื‘ืขืฆืžื•. ืื‘ืœ ืื™ื ื• ืžืงื‘ืœ ืขืœื™ื• ืฉื‘ืช ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืื™ื ื ืชืœื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ื’ื•ืคื•, ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืฉืื ืื—ืจ ืขื•ืฉื” ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœื• ืฉืœื ื™ืฆื˜ืจืš ืœืžื—ื•ืช ื‘ื•. ื•ื”ื•ื ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ืื™ืกื•ืจ "ืืžื™ืจื”" ื ื—ืฉื‘ ืœืื™ืกื•ืจ ืฉ"ื—ื•ืฅ ืœื’ื•ืคื•", ื•ืœื ืฉื™ื™ืš ื‘ื–ื” ื“ื™ืŸ ืฉืœื™ื—ื•ืช, ื›ื™ ื”ืžืขืฉื” ืœื ืžืชื™ื™ื—ืก ืืœื™ื• ื™ืฉื™ืจื•ืช, ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื”ื•ื "ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื”ื‘ื ืžืืœื™ื•", ื•ืื™ืŸ ื›ื•ื•ื ืชื• ื‘ืขืช ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ืฉื‘ืช ืœืงื‘ืœ ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื• ืื™ืกื•ืจื™ื ืžืกื•ื’ ื–ื”. ื”ื™ื•ืช ื•ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืื“ื ืžืงื‘ืœ ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื• ืื™ืกื•ืจื™ื, ื›ื•ื•ื ืชื• ืืš ื•ืจืง ืœืžืขืฉื™ื ืฉืžื›ื— ื”ืฉืœื™ื—ื•ืช ื™ืชื™ื™ื—ืกื• ืืœื™ื•, ื•ืื– ื ืขืฉื™ืช ื”ืฉืœื™ื—ื•ืช ื›ื™ื“ื• ืžืžืฉ, ืื•ืœื ื‘ืื™ืกื•ืจื™ื ืฉ"ืื™ื ื ืชืœื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ื’ื•ืคื•", ืื™ืŸ ื›ื•ื•ื ืชื• ืœืงื‘ืœ ืืช ื”ืฉื‘ืช ืœืขื ื™ืŸ ื–ื”.

ื ืžืฆื ืžืขืชื” ื˜ืขื ืฉืœื™ืฉื™, ืžื“ื•ืข ื”ื•ืชืจ ืœืžื™ ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœ ืขืœื™ื• ืฉื‘ืช ืงื•ื“ื ื—ืฉื™ื›ื” ืœื•ืžืจ ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ ื—ื‘ืจื• ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืœื• ืžืœืื›ื”: ืžืฉื•ื ืฉืœื ืงื™ื‘ืœ ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื• ืœืฉื‘ื•ืช ืžืื™ืกื•ืจื™ื "ืฉืื™ื ื ืชืœื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ื’ื•ืคื•".

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ื”. ื‘ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ืงื•ืฉื™ื™ืชื• ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื•"ืข ื”ืจื‘, ื›ืชื‘ ื”ื’ืจื™"ืฉ ืืœื™ืฉื™ื‘ (ืงื•ื‘ืฅ ืชืฉื•ื‘ื•ืช ื—"ื ืกื™ืžืŸ ื ื“), ืขืœ ืคื™ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืจืž"ื (ื™ื•"ื“ ืกื™ืžืŸ ืฉืค ืกืข' ื”) ืฉื›ืชื‘ ื›ื™ ืœืื‘ืœ ืืกื•ืจ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืžืœืื›ืชื• ืืคื™ืœื• ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืขื›ื•"ื ืืœื ืื ื›ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืื‘ื“. ืืžื ื ืœื“ืขืช ื”ืจืื‘"ื“ ื‘ื‘ื‘ื ืžืฆื™ืขื (ืฆ, ื) ื™ืฉ ืกืคืง ืื ืืžื™ืจื” ืœืขื›ื•"ื ื ืืกืจื” ืจืง ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืฉื‘ืชื•ืช ื•ื™ืžื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ื•ื—ื•ืœ ื”ืžื•ืขื“, ืื• ืฉื ื•ื”ื’ ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ื™ื ื™ ื”ืชื•ืจื”. ื•ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืกืคืง ื–ื” ืœื ื”ื•ื›ืจืข, ื”ื›ืจื™ืข ื”ืคืจื™ ื—ื“ืฉ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื”ืงืœ ื•ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ืŸ "ืืžื™ืจื” ืœื ื›ืจื™" ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ื™ื ื™ ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ืœืžืขื˜ ืฉื‘ืช ื•ื™ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘ "ื•ื›ืŸ ื“ืขืช ื”ืœื‘ื•ืฉ ื‘ืื•"ื— ืกื™' ืชืก"ื— ื“ื‘ืขืจื‘ ืคืกื— ืžื•ืชืจ ืœื•ืžืจ ืœื ื›ืจื™ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืžืœืื›ื” ืขื‘ื•ืจื• ืื—ืจ ื—ืฆื•ืช, ืžื˜ืขื ื“ืœื ืืžืจื™ื ืŸ ืืžื™ืจื” ืœื ื›ืจื™ ืฉื‘ื•ืช ื›ื™ ืื ื’ื‘ื™ ืฉื‘ืช ื™ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ื—ื•ืœ ื”ืžื•ืขื“".

ื•ืžืขืชื” ืœื›ืื•ืจื” ื’ื ื‘ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืื‘ืœื•ืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื” ื ื•ืชืŸ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื”ืงืœ ืžืกืคืง ืœืงื•ืœื ื•ืœื ืœืืกื•ืจ ืขืฉื™ื™ืช ืžืœืื›ื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืืžื™ืจื” ืœื ื›ืจื™, ื•ืื ื›ืŸ ื ืฉืืœืช ื”ืฉืืœื” "ืœืžื” ื‘ืื‘ืœ ืืกื•ืจื” ืืžื™ืจื” ืœื ื›ืจื™". ื•ื”ื•ื›ื™ื— ืžื›ืš ื”ื’ืจื™"ืฉ ืืœื™ืฉื™ื‘ "ื“ื“ื™ื ื™ ืื‘ืœื•ืช ืฉืื ื™". ื•ื›ื•ื•ื ืชื• ื”ื™ื, ืฉื’ื“ืจ ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื”ืžืœืื›ื” ืœืื‘ืœ ืื™ื ื• ื“ื™ืŸ ืขืœ ื”ื’ื‘ืจื ืฉืœื ื™ืขืฉื” ืžืœืื›ื”, ืืœื ื’ื“ืจ ื”ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื”ื•ื ืฉืœื ืชึตืขืฉื” ืžืœืื›ื” ืขื‘ื•ืจื•, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืืกื•ืจ ืืคื™ืœื• ืœื’ื•ื™ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืžืœืื›ื” ืขื‘ื•ืจื• ืืฃ ืฉืื™ื ื• ื‘ืื™ืกื•ืจ ืืžื™ืจื” ืœืขื›ื•"ื.

ื•ืžืขืชื” ืœื ืงืฉื” ืงื•ืฉื™ื™ืช ื”ืงื•ื ื˜ืจืก ืื—ืจื•ืŸ, ื•ืœื ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ืฉื•ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื™ืกื•ืจ ืžืœืื›ืช ืฉื‘ืช ืœืื™ืกื•ืจ ื”ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืžืœืื›ื” ื‘ื™ืžื™ ื”ืฉื‘ืขื”. ื‘ืžืœืื›ืช ืฉื‘ืช ื”ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื”ื•ื ืขืœ ื”ื’ื‘ืจื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืžืœืื›ื”, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืจืฉืื™ ืœื•ืžืจ ืœื—ื‘ืจื• ืฉืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื ืงื™ื‘ืœ ืฉื‘ืช ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ืจื• ืžืœืื›ื”, ืฉื”ืจื™ ื”ื•ื [ื”ืžืฉืœื—] ืื›ืŸ ืื™ื ื• ืขื•ืฉื” ื›ืœืœ ืžืขืฉื”, ืืœื ื”ืžืœืื›ื” ื ืขืฉื™ืช ืขื‘ื•ืจื•, ื•ื–ื” ืžื•ืชืจ. ืœืขื•ืžืช ื–ืืช, ื‘ื“ื™ื ื™ ืื‘ืœื•ืช, ื’ื“ืจ ื”ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื”ื•ื ืฉืœื ืชึตืขืฉื” ืžืœืื›ื” ืขื‘ื•ืจื•, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืคืกืง ื”ืจืž"ื ืฉื™ืฉ ืื™ืกื•ืจ ืœืื‘ืœ ืœื•ืžืจ ืœื—ื‘ืจื• ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืžืœืื›ื” ืขื‘ื•ืจื•, ื›ื™ ืื™ืŸ ื”ื‘ื“ืœ ืžื™ ืขื•ืฉื” ืืช ื”ืžืœืื›ื”, ื”ื•ื ืขืฆืžื• ืื• ื—ื‘ืจื• ืื• ืืคื™ืœื• ื ื›ืจื™, ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืกื•ืฃ ืกื•ืฃ ื”ืžืœืื›ื” ื ืขืฉืชื”, ื•ืขืœ ื–ื” ื™ืฉ ืื™ืกื•ืจ[1].

ื•ืื ื™ืงืฉื” ืขืœ ื—ื™ืœื•ืง ื–ื”, ื”ื™ืืš ืืคืฉืจ ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉื’ื“ืจ ืขืฉื™ื™ืช ืžืœืื›ื” ื‘ืฉื‘ืช ื”ื•ื ืขืœ ื”ื’ื‘ืจื ืฉืœื ื™ืขืฉื” ืžืœืื›ื”, ื•ื”ืจื™ ื ืืกืจื” ืืžื™ืจื” ืœื ื›ืจื™, ื•ืžื•ื›ื— ืื™ืคื•ื ืฉื’ื ื‘ืฉื‘ืช ื’ื“ืจ ื”ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื”ื•ื ืฉืœื ืชึตืขืฉื” ืžืœืื›ื” ื‘ืฉื‘ืช ืขื‘ื•ืจื•. ืื™ืŸ ื–ื• ืงื•ืฉื™ื” ื›ืœืœ ื•ืขื™ืงืจ, ื›ื™ ืื™ืกื•ืจ ืืžื™ืจื” ืœื ื›ืจื™ ื‘ืฉื‘ืช ื”ื•ื ื“ื™ืŸ ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื•ืฉื•ื ื” ืžืฉืืจ ืื™ืกื•ืจื™ ืžืœืื›ื•ืช ืฉื‘ืช, ื•ื’ื“ืจื• ื”ื•ื ืฉื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉืืกื•ืจ ืœืื“ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื‘ืฉื‘ืช ืืกื•ืจ ืœื• ืœื•ืžืจ ืœื ื›ืจื™ ืฉื™ืขืฉื” ืขื‘ื•ืจื•, ื•ืื™ืŸ ื–ื” ืžื“ื™ืŸ ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื”ืžืœืื›ื” ืฉื ืืžืจื” ืขืœ ื”ื’ื‘ืจื, ืืœื ื‘ืขืฆื ื”ืืžื™ืจื” ื™ืฉ ืื™ืกื•ืจ, ื•ื›ืžื• ืฉื‘ื™ืืจ ื”ื’ืจ"ื– ื‘ืงื•ื ื˜ืจืก ืื—ืจื•ืŸ ืฉื, ืฉืื™ืกื•ืจ ืืžื™ืจื” ืœื ื›ืจื™ ื ื•ื‘ืข ืžื“ื™ืŸ "ืžืžืฆื•ื ื—ืคืฆืš ื•ื“ื‘ืจ ื“ื‘ืจ" [ืขื™' ื‘ืจืฉ"ื™ (ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื–ืจื” ื˜ื•, ื ื“"ื” ื›ื™ื•ืŸ) "ืžื” ืฉืืกื•ืจ ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœื•ืžืจ ืœืขื›ื•"ื ืขืฉื” ืœื™ ื›ืš ื–ื”ื• ืžืฉื•ื ืžืžืฆื•ื ื—ืคืฆืš ื•ื“ื‘ืจ ื“ื‘ืจ, ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืืกื•ืจ"][2].

ื•. ื›ื•ื•ื ืช ืฉื•"ืข ื”ืจื‘ ื‘ืงื•ืฉื™ื™ืชื• ื”ืฉื ื™ื” ื”ื™ืชื”, ืœืืกื•ืจ ืขืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœ ืฉื‘ืช ืœื•ืžืจ ืœื—ื‘ืจื• ืฉืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื ืงื™ื‘ืœ ืืช ื”ืฉื‘ืช ืฉื™ืขืฉื” ืขื‘ื•ืจื• ืžืœืื›ื”, ืžื“ื™ืŸ "ืฉืœื•ื—ื• ืฉืœ ืื“ื ื›ืžื•ืชื•", ืฉื‘ื’ื™ื ื• ื ื—ืฉื‘ ื›ืื™ืœื• ื”ื•ื ืขืฆืžื• ืขืฉื” ืืช ื”ืžืœืื›ื”.

ื‘ื”ืฉืงืคื” ืจืืฉื•ื ื”, ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืงืฉื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ืฉื•"ืข ื”ืจื‘, ื•ื”ืœื•ื ื›ืœืœ ื ืงื•ื˜ ื‘ื™ื“ื™ื ื•: "ืื™ืŸ ืฉืœื™ื— ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขื‘ื™ืจื”". ื•ื›ืฉืืžืจ ืœื—ื‘ืจื• ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืžืœืื›ื” ืขื‘ื•ืจื• ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ืงื™ื‘ืœ ืฉื‘ืช, ื ื—ืฉื‘ืช ืขืฉื™ื™ืช ื”ืžืœืื›ื” ืœืขื‘ื™ืจื” ืœืžืฉืœื—, ื•ืื ื›ืŸ ื”ื™ื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืฉืื™ืŸ ืžืขืฉื” ื”ืžืœืื›ื” ืžืชื™ื™ื—ืก ืœืžืฉืœื—, ื•ืฆ"ืข ืžื” ืชืžื” ื”ืฉื•"ืข ื”ืจื‘, ื”ืจื™ "ืื™ืŸ ืฉืœื™ื— ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขื‘ื™ืจื”".

ืื•ืœื ื–ื• ืื™ื ื” ืชืžื™ื”ื”, ืฉื”ืจื™ ืคืกืง ื”ืจืž"ื (ื—ื•"ืž ืกื™ืžืŸ ืงืคื‘ ืกืข' ื) ื‘ื“ื™ืŸ "ืื™ืŸ ืฉืœื™ื— ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขื‘ื™ืจื”", ืฉื”ื•ื "ื“ื•ื•ืงื ื›ืฉื”ืฉืœื™ื— ื‘ืจ ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื, ืื‘ืœ ืื ืื™ื ื• ื‘ืจ ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื ื”ื•ื™ ืฉืœื™ื— ืืคื™ืœื• ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขื‘ื™ืจื”". ื•ืžืงื•ืจ ื“ื™ืŸ ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื’ืžืจื ื‘ื‘ื‘ื ืžืฆื™ืขื (ื™, ื‘) "ืืžืจ ืจื‘ื™ื ื, ื”ื™ื›ื ืืžืจื™ื ืŸ ื“ืื™ืŸ ืฉืœื™ื— ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขื‘ื™ืจื”, ื”ื™ื›ื ื“ืฉืœื™ื— ื‘ืจ ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื, ืื‘ืœ ื‘ื—ืฆืจ ื“ืœืื• ื‘ืจ ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื ื”ื™ื, ืžื™ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืฉื•ืœื—ื•". ื•ื”ื’ืžืจื ื”ื‘ื™ืื” ืฉืชื™ ื“ื•ื’ืžืื•ืช ืœื”ื’ื“ืจืช ืฉืœื™ื— "ืฉืื™ื ื• ื‘ืจ ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื":

[ื] ื›ื”ืŸ ืฉืืžืจ ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ ืงื“ืฉ ืœื™ ืืฉื” ื’ืจื•ืฉื” - ื”ืฉืœื™ื— ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืขืฆืžื• ืื™ื ื• ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ืœื”ืžื ืข ืœืงื—ืช ืืฉื” ื’ืจื•ืฉื”.

[ื‘] ืื™ืฉ ืฉืืžืจ ืœืืฉื” ืฉืชืงื™ืฃ ืจืืฉ ืฉืœ ืงื˜ืŸ - ืืฉื” ืื™ื ื” ื ื›ืœืœืช ื‘ืื–ื”ืจืช "ืœื ืชืงื™ืคื•" ืžื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืื™ื ื” ื‘ื‘ืœ ืชืฉื—ื™ืช ืคืืช ื–ืงื ืš [ื•ื–ื•ื”ื™ ื”ื“ื•ื’ืžื ืขืœื™ื” ื”ืชื‘ืกืก ื”ืงื•ื ื˜ืจืก ืื—ืจื•ืŸ ื‘ืงื•ืฉื™ื™ืชื•].

ื•ืžืขืชื” ื‘ื ื™ื“ื•ืŸ ื“ื™ื“ืŸ, ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœ ืฉื‘ืช ื•ืืžืจ ืœื—ื‘ืจื• ืฉืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื ืงื™ื‘ืœ ืฉื‘ืช ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืœื• ืžืœืื›ื”, ื™ืฉ ืœื“ื•ืŸ ื”ืื ื ื—ืฉื‘ ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืฉืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื ืงื™ื‘ืœ ืขืœื™ื• ืฉื‘ืช ื›"ืื™ื ื• ื‘ืจ ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื". ืžื—ื“ ื’ื™ืกื, ืขืฆื ื–ื” ืฉืœื ืงื™ื‘ืœ ืขืœื™ื• ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื‘ืช ื•ืื™ืŸ ืขืœื™ื• ื›ืœ ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื™ ื•ืื™ืกื•ืจื™ ืฉื‘ืช, ื’ื•ืจื ืฉื™ื—ืฉื‘ ื›ืื™ืœื• "ืื™ื ื• ื‘ืจ ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื". ืื•ืœื ืžืื™ื“ืš ื’ื™ืกื ื™ืฉ ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉืจืง ื‘ืžืงืจื™ื ืฉื”ื‘ื™ืื” ื”ื’ืžืจื ื”ืฉืœื™ื— ื ื—ืฉื‘ "ืื™ื ื• ื‘ืจ ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื", ืžืฉื•ื ืฉืื™ื ื• ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ื›ืœืœ ื‘ืžืฆื•ื” ื–ื• ื•ืื™ืŸ ืœื• ื›ืœ ืฉื™ื™ื›ื•ืช ืœืื™ืกื•ืจ ื•ืœืžืฆื•ื”, ื›ื™ ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืื™ื ื• ื›ืœืœ ื‘ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ืฉืœื ืœื™ืฉื ื’ืจื•ืฉื”, ื•ื›ืŸ ื”ืืฉื” ืื™ื ื” ืฉื™ื™ื›ืช ื›ืœืœ ื‘ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืœื ืชืงื™ืคื•. ืื•ืœื ื‘ื ื“ื•ืŸ ื“ื™ื“ืŸ, ื”ืจื™ ื›ืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžืฆื•ื•ื™ื ื‘ืžืฆื•ืช ืฉื‘ืช, ืืœื ืฉื™ืฉืจืืœ ื–ื” ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื ืงื™ื‘ืœ ืขืœื™ื• ืฉื‘ืช ื•ื›ืขืช ื”ื•ื ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ "ืื™ื ื• ื‘ืจ ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื", ืื•ืœื ืื™ืŸ ืœื• ื›ืœ ืžื ื™ืขื” ืœื”ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ ื‘ืžืฆื•ืช ืฉื‘ืช ื›ืžืฉืœื—ื•.

ื•ืœืคื™ื›ืš, ื‘ื ื“ื•ืŸ ื“ื™ื“ืŸ, ืžืื—ืจ ื•ื”ืฉืœื™ื— ืื›ืŸ ื ื—ืฉื‘ "ื‘ืจ ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื", ืื ื›ืŸ ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ืฉืœ "ืื™ืŸ ืฉืœื™ื— ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขื‘ื™ืจื”", ืžืชื™ื™ื—ืก ื’ื ืœื ื“ื•ืŸ ื“ื™ื“ืŸ, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืจืฉืื™ ื”ืžืฉืœื— ืœื•ืžืจ ืœื—ื‘ืจื• ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืžืœืื›ื” ืขื‘ื•ืจื•, ื•ืžืชื•ืจืฆืช ืงื•ืฉื™ื™ืช ื”ืฉื•"ืข ื”ืจื‘, ื›ื™ ื”ืฉืœื™ื— ืื™ื ื• ืขื•ืฉื” ืžืขืฉื” ืขื‘ื™ืจื” ืžืฉื•ื ืฉ"ืื™ืŸ ืฉืœื™ื— ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขื‘ื™ืจื”".

ื‘ืจื ื‘ืกืž"ืข (ื—ื•"ืž ืกื™' ืงืคื‘ ืก"ืง ื‘) ืžื‘ื•ืืจ ื”ื˜ืขื ืžื“ื•ืข ื›ืฉืื™ืŸ ื”ืฉืœื™ื— "ื‘ืจ ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื" ื™ืฉ ืฉืœื™ื— ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขื‘ื™ืจื”, ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉื™ืกื•ื“ ื”ื”ืœื›ื” ืฉ"ืื™ืŸ ืฉืœื™ื— ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขื‘ื™ืจื”" ื”ื•ื ืžื”ื˜ืขื ื”ืžืคื•ืจืฉ ื‘ื’ืžืจื ื‘ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉื™ืŸ (ืžื‘, ื‘) ืฉืื•ืžืจื™ื ืœืฉืœื™ื— "ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืจื‘ ื•ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืชืœืžื™ื“, ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืžื™ ืฉื•ืžืขื™ื", ื•ื™ื›ื•ืœ ื”ืžืฉืœื— ืœื•ืžืจ ืกื‘ืจืชื™ ืฉื”ืฉืœื™ื— ืœื ื™ืฉืžืข ืœื™ ืœืขืฉื•ืชื• ื•ืœื›ืš ืื™ืŸ ื”ืžืฉืœื— ื—ื™ื™ื‘. ืื‘ืœ ื›ืฉืื™ืŸ ื”ืฉืœื™ื— "ื‘ืจ ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื" ืœื ืฉื™ื™ืš ื˜ืขื ื–ื” "ื“ืžื“ื•ืข ืœื ื™ืฉืžืข ื”ืฉืœื™ื—, ื”ืจื™ ืžื•ืชืจ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืžื” ืฉืžืฉืœื—ื• ืžื‘ืงืฉ".

ื ืžืฆื ืœืคื™ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืกืž"ืข, ืื™ืŸ ื›ืœ ื”ื‘ื“ืœ ืื ืื™ืŸ ื”ืฉืœื™ื— "ื‘ืจ ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื" ื›ืœืœ ื‘ืžืฆื•ื” ื–ื•, ื›ืžื• ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ื’ืจื•ืฉื” ื•ืืฉื” ื‘ื”ืงืคื”, ืื• ืื ืจืง ื‘ืจื’ืข ื–ื” ืื™ื ื• ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ื‘ืžืฆื•ื” ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืฉืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื ืงื™ื‘ืœ ืฉื‘ืช - ื•ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืฆื‘ ืฉื”ืฉืœื™ื— ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืืช ื”ืžืขืฉื”, ืื™ืŸ ื”ืžืฉืœื— ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื•ืžืจ ืกื‘ืจืชื™ ืฉื”ืฉืœื™ื— ืœื ื™ืฉืžืข ืœื™. ื•ืžืขืชื” ื—ื–ืจื” ืงื•ืฉื™ื™ืช ื”ืงื•ื ื˜ืจืก ืื—ืจื•ืŸ ืœืžืงื•ืžื”, ืžื“ื•ืข ืœื ื ืืกื•ืจ ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœ ืฉื‘ืช ืœื•ืžืจ ืœืื—ืจ ืฉืœื ืงื™ื‘ืœ ืฉื‘ืช ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืœื• ืžืœืื›ื” ืžื˜ืขื "ืฉืœื•ื—ื• ืฉืœ ืื“ื ื›ืžื•ืชื•", ื•ืฆ"ืข.

ื˜ืขื ื ื•ืกืฃ ืœื”ื™ืชืจ - ื›ื™ ื‘ืžืœืื›ืช ืฉื‘ืช ืœื ืฉื™ื™ืš ื“ื™ืŸ "ืฉืœื•ื—ื• ืฉืœ ืื“ื ื›ืžื•ืชื•"

ื–. ื‘ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ื”ืงื•ืฉื™ื” ื”ืฉื ื™ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืงื•ื ื˜ืจืก ืื—ืจื•ืŸ, ื›ืชื‘ ื”ื’ืจื™"ืฉ ืืœื™ืฉื™ื‘:

"ืขืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืงื•ืฉื™ื ื”ื ืฉืœื•ื—ื• ืฉืœ ืื“ื ื›ืžื•ืชื• ื•ื”ื™ื›ื™ ืฉืจื™ื ืŸ ืœืžื™ืžืจ ืœื—ื‘ืจื• ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืžืœืื›ื” ืขื‘ื•ืจื• ื•ื”ืจื™ ื–ื” ื›ืขื•ืฉื” ื‘ืขืฆืžื•, ืขื™' ื—ืชื ืกื•ืคืจ (ืกื™ืžืŸ ืคื–) ื•ื–"ืœ, ื›ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืžื•ืกื›ื ื‘ื“ืขืชื™ ื‘ืœื™ ืกืคืง ื“ืœืขื ื™ืŸ ืžื ื•ื—ืช ืฉื‘ืช ืœื ืฉื™ื™ืš ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ืฉืœื•ื—ื• ืฉืœ ืื“ื ื›ืžื•ืชื•, ื“ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื”ืงืคื™ื“ื” ืขืœ ืžื ื•ื—ืช ื’ื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืœื ืขืœ ื’ื•ืฃ ื”ืžืœืื›ื”. ื•ื‘ื—ืชื ืกื•ืคืจ (ื—"ื• ืกื™ืžืŸ ื›ื“) ื›ืชื‘, ื•ืจืื™ืชื™ ืœื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ืช ืžืื™ืจ ื“ืฉืคื™ืจ ื—ื–ื™ ื“ื•ื•ื“ืื™ ืืžื™ืจื” ื“ืฉื‘ืช ืœื ืฉื™ื™ืš ื“ื™ืŸ ืฉืœื™ื—ื•ืช ื›ืœืœ, ื“ื‘ืฉื‘ืช ืขื™ืงืจื” ืงืคื™ื“ื” ืฉื™ื ื•ื— ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื•ืœื ืฉื™ื™ืš ืฉืœื•ื—ื• ืฉื›ืžื•ืชื• ื›ืœืœ".

ื•ื›ื•ื•ื ืชื• ืœื•ืžืจ, ืฉื“ื™ืŸ ืฉืœื•ื—ื• ืฉืœ ืื“ื ื›ืžื•ืชื• ื’ื•ืจื ืจืง ืฉืžืขืฉื” ื”ืžืœืื›ื” ืžืชื™ื™ื—ืก ืœืžืฉืœื—, ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื”ืจื™ ื”ืžืœืื›ื” ื ืขืฉืชื” ื‘ื’ื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื”ืฉืœื™ื—, ื•ื”ืฉืœื™ื— ื”ื•ื ื–ื” ืฉืขืกืง ื‘ืžืœืื›ื” ื–ื•. ื•ืžืื—ืจ ื•ื‘ืžืœืื›ื•ืช ืฉื‘ืช ื”ืงืคื™ื“ื” ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืขืœ ืžื ื•ื—ืช ื’ื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื•ืกื•ืฃ ื›ืœ ืกื•ืฃ ื’ื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ืžืฉืœื— ื ื—, ืืข"ืค ืฉื”ืžืœืื›ื” ืžืชื™ื™ื—ืกืช ืืœื™ื•, ืื™ืŸ ืœืžืฉืœื— ื›ืœ ืื™ืกื•ืจ ืžื“ื™ืŸ "ืฉืœื•ื—ื• ืฉืœ ืื“ื ื›ืžื•ืชื•".

ื•ืžื™ื•ืฉื‘ืช ืงื•ืฉื™ื™ืช ื”ืงื•ื ื˜ืจืก ื”ืื—ืจื•ืŸ, ื›ื™ ืœืคื™ ื”ื—ืชื ืกื•ืคืจ ืื™ืŸ ืœื“ืžื•ืช ืื™ืกื•ืจ ืžืœืื›ืช ืฉื‘ืช ืœืื™ืกื•ืจ ื”ืงืคืช ื”ืจืืฉ, ื›ื™ ื‘ืื™ืกื•ืจ "ืœื ืชืงื™ืคื•" ืขืฆื ื”ืงืคืช ื”ืจืืฉ ื”ื™ื ื”ืขื‘ื™ืจื”, ื•ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ื›ืืฉืจ ืื™ืŸ ื”ืฉืœื™ื— "ื‘ืจ ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื" ื•ื™ืฉ ืฉืœื™ื— ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขื‘ื™ืจื”, ืื–ื™ ื”ืžืฉืœื— ืขื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืœื ืชืงื™ืคื•. ืžื” ืฉืื™ืŸ ื›ืŸ ื‘ืžืœืื›ืช ืฉื‘ืช ืœื ืฉื™ื™ืš ื›ืœืœ ื“ื™ืŸ ืฉืœื™ื—ื•ืช, ืžื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืกื•ืฃ ื›ืœ ืกื•ืฃ ื”ืžืฉืœื— ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœ ืขืœื™ื• ืฉื‘ืช, ืฉื‘ืช ืžืžืœืื›ื”. ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืืคื™ืœื• ืื ื”ืฉืœื™ื— ืื™ื ื• ื‘ืจ ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื, ื•ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืฉืœื ืงื™ื‘ืœ ืฉื‘ืช, ื•ื”ื™ื” ืœื›ืื•ืจื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื—ื•ืœ ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ืฉื™ืฉ ืฉืœื™ื— ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขื‘ื™ืจื”. ื•ืขื ื›ืœ ื–ืืช ืื™ืŸ ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื›ืŸ, ื›ื™ "ืœื ืฉื™ื™ืš ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ ืขืœื™ื”ืŸ ื‘ื“ืจืš ืฉืœ ืฉืœื™ื—ื•ืช ื“ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื”ืงืคื™ื“ื” ืขืœ ืžื ื•ื—ืช ื’ื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืœื ืขืœ ื’ื•ืฃ ื”ืžืœืื›ื”", ื•ื”ื•ื ืœื ืขื‘ืจ ืขืœ ืื™ืกื•ืจ ืฉื‘ืช[3].

ื”ื ื” ื›ื™ ื›ืŸ ื ืชื‘ืจืจ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื—ืชื ืกื•ืคืจ ื˜ืขื ื ื•ืกืฃ ืœื”ื™ืชืจ ืœื•ืžืจ ืœืžื™ ืฉืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื ืงื™ื‘ืœ ืขืœื™ื• ืฉื‘ืช ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืœื• ืžืœืื›ื”, ื›ื™ ืœื ืฉื™ื™ืš ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ ืขืœ ืื™ืกื•ืจ ืžืœืื›ืช ืฉื‘ืช ื‘ื“ืจืš ืฉืœ ืฉืœื™ื—ื•ืช ื”ื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื”ืงืคื™ื“ื” ืขืœ ืžื ื•ื—ืช ื’ื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืœื ืขืœ ื’ื•ืฃ ื”ืžืœืื›ื”[4].

ืขื ืฃ ื‘

ื›ื”ืŸ ืฉื‘ื™ืงืฉ ืžื—ื‘ืจื• ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืœื• ื—ืคืฅ ืžื‘ื™ืช ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื• ื˜ื•ืžืื”

ื—. ืœืคื™ ื”ืžื‘ื•ืืจ ืœืขื™ืœ ื™ืฉ ืœื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ืฉืืœื”, ื”ืื ื›ื”ืŸ ื”ื“ืจ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื• ืžืช [ื•ื‘ืฉืœ ื›ืš ืื™ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ื›ื ืก ืœื‘ื™ืชื• ื•ืœื”ื™ื˜ืžื ืœืžืช] ืจืฉืื™ ืœื•ืžืจ ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ [ืฉืื™ื ื• ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ื‘ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื˜ื•ืžืื” ืœืžืช] ืฉื™ื›ื ืก ืœื‘ื™ืชื• ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืœื• [ืœื›ื”ืŸ] ืืช ื—ืคืฆื™ื•.

โ€ข ื”ืคืจื™ ืžื’ื“ื™ื (ืกื™ืžืŸ ืจืกื’ ื‘ืžืฉื‘ืฆื•ืช ื–ื”ื‘ ืก"ืง ื’) ื›ืชื‘: "ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื˜"ื– ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉื™ื [ื”ืžื•ื‘ื ืœืขื™ืœ ืื•ืช ื‘] ืื™ื›ื ืœืžืฉืžืข ื”ืœื›ืชื ื’ื‘ื•ืจืชื, ืฉืื™ืŸ ืื™ืกื•ืจ ืืžื™ืจื” ื›ื™ ืื ื›ืฉืืกื•ืจ ืœื›ืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื•ืืข"ืค ืฉืืžื™ืจื” ืœืขื›ื•"ื ืฉื‘ื•ืช, ืืข"ืค ืฉืขื›ื•"ื ืขื•ืฉื” ื‘ื”ื™ืชืจ, ื”ื›ื ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืœื™ืฉืจืืœ ื—ื‘ืจื• ืžื•ืชืจ, ืœื ื’ื–ืจื• ืืžื™ืจื” ื‘ื–ื”. ื•ืœืคื™ ื–ื” ืžื•ืชืจ ืœื›ื”ืŸ ืœื•ืžืจ ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœื™ืœืš ืœืžืงื•ื ื˜ื•ืžืืช ืžืช ื•ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืœื• ืžืฉื ื—ืคืฆื™ื• ื•ื›ื“ื•ืžื”, ื•ื‘ืืžืช ืœื ื”ื–ื›ื™ืจื• ื”ืคื•ืกืงื™ื ืžื“ื™ืŸ ื–ื” ืœืื™ืกื•ืจ ื•ื›ืขืช ืœื ืžืฆืืชื™ื•", ืขื›"ืœ.

ืื•ืœื ืœืคื™ ื”ื˜ืขืžื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื™ื ืฉื”ื•ื‘ืื• ืœืขื™ืœ, ื™ืฉ ืœื›ืื•ืจื” ืœืืกื•ืจ ืœื›ื”ืŸ ืœื•ืžืจ ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœื”ื™ื˜ืžื ืขื‘ื•ืจื• ืœืžืช, ื•ื–ืืช ื‘ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืคืž"ื’:

โ€ข ืœืฉื™ื˜ืช ื”ืžื’"ื, ืฉืจืฉืื™ ื”ืžืงื‘ืœ ืฉื‘ืช ืœื•ืžืจ ืœื—ื‘ืจื• ืฉืœื ืงื™ื‘ืœ ืืช ื”ืฉื‘ืช ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืžืœืื›ื” ืขื‘ื•ืจื•, ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื’ื ืœืžื™ ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœ ืฉื‘ืช ื™ืฉ ื”ื™ืชืจ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืžืœืื›ื” ืื ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืžืงื‘ืœ ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื• ืฉื‘ืช, ื‘ื ื™ื“ื•ืŸ ื“ื™ื“ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืœื›ื”ืŸ ื›ืœ ื”ื™ืชืจ ืœื™ื˜ืžื ืœืžืช [ื‘ื ื™ืžื•ืง "ืฉืื ืœื ื”ื™ื”"] ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื™ื”ื™ื” ืืกื•ืจ ืœื• ืœื•ืžืจ ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ ืฉื™ื‘ื™ื ืœื• ื—ืคืฆื™ื• ืžื‘ื™ืช ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื• ืžืช.

โ€ข ื’ื ืœืฉื™ื˜ืช ื”ืกืž"ืข ื•ืฉื•"ืข ื”ืจื‘, ื‘ื ื“ื•ืŸ ืฉืœืคื ื™ื ื• ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืื™ื ื• "ื‘ืจ ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื" ื‘ืื™ืกื•ืจ ืœื”ื™ื˜ืžื ืœืžืช, ื•ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ืฉื•ื‘ ื—ื•ื–ืจ ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ืฉืœ "ืฉืœื™ื— ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขื‘ื™ืจื”", ื•ื”ื›ื”ืŸ ื™ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืขืœ ื”ืื™ืกื•ืจ ืฉืœื ืœื™ื˜ืžื ืœืžืช, ื›ื™ ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืื™ื ื• "ื‘ืจ ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื", ื•ื”ื›ื”ืŸ ื™ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืขืœ ื”ืื™ืกื•ืจ.

โ€ข ืœืคื™ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืฉื•"ืข ื”ืจื‘ ื•ื”ืœื‘ื•ืฉ ืฉื”ื”ื™ืชืจ ื”ื•ื ืžื—ืžืช ืฉื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ื "ืฉื—ื•ืฅ ืœื’ื•ืคื•" ืœื ืงื™ื‘ืœ ืขืœื™ื• ืฉื‘ืช ื–ื”ื• ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ื“ื™ืŸ ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื‘ืงื‘ืœืช ืฉื‘ืช, ืื‘ืœ ื‘ื ื“ื•ืŸ ื˜ื•ืžืืช ืžืช ืœื›ื”ืŸ, ืื™ืŸ ืœื•ืžืจ ืืช ื”ื›ืœืœ ื”ื–ื”.

โ€ข ื•ื›ืŸ ืœืคื™ ื”ื—ืชื ืกื•ืคืจ ื•ื”ื‘ื™ืช ืžืื™ืจ, ื‘ืžืœืื›ื•ืช ืฉื‘ืช ื™ืฉ ื“ื™ืŸ ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืฉืœื ืฉื™ื™ืš ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ ืขืœื™ื”ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืฉืœื™ื—ื•ืช, ืžื” ืฉืื™ืŸ ื›ืŸ ื‘ืฉืืจ ื“ื™ื ื™ ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ื•ื‘ื›ืœืœื ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื›ื”ืŸ ืœื”ื™ื˜ืžื ืœืžืช, ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืฉื”ืฉืœื™ื— ืื™ื ื• ื‘ืจ ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื ื™ื”ื™ื” ื”ืžืฉืœื— ื—ื™ื™ื‘[5].

ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ื‘ืŸ ื”ืžืฉืœื— ืฉืœื™ื— ืœื”ื›ื•ืช ืืช ืื‘ื™ื•

ื˜. ืขื•ื“ ื ืคืงื ืžื™ื ื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื˜ืขืžื™ื ืฉื ืชื‘ืืจื• ืœืขื™ืœ, ื”ื™ื ื‘ื ื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ืŸ [ืจืื•ื‘ืŸ] ืฉืฉืœื— ืฉืœื™ื— [ืฉืžืขื•ืŸ] ืœื”ื›ื•ืช ืืช ืื‘ื™ื• [ืฉืœ ืจืื•ื‘ืŸ].

ื›ื™ื“ื•ืข, ืขืœ ื”ื›ืืช ืื‘ ื™ืฉ ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ืžื™ืชื” ืœื‘ืŸ ื”ืžื›ื”, ืื•ืœื ื‘ืจื•ืจ ืฉื”ืฉืœื™ื— ืื™ื ื• ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ื‘ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ื–ื”, ืฉื”ืจื™ ื”ืžื•ื›ื” ืื™ื ื ื• ืื‘ื™ื•. ื•ื ืฉืืœืช ื”ืฉืืœื” ื”ืื ื™ื”ื™ื” ื”ืžืฉืœื— [ืจืื•ื‘ืŸ] ื”ื‘ืŸ ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืขืœ ื”ื›ืื” ื–ื•.

โ€ข ืœืคื™ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืคืจื™ ืžื’ื“ื™ื ืฉืœืžื“ ืžื”ื˜"ื– ืœื”ืชื™ืจ ืœื›ื”ืŸ ืœื•ืžืจ ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ ืฉื™ื‘ื™ื ืœื• ื—ืคืฆื™ื• ืžื‘ื™ืช ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื• ืžืช, ื™ืฉ ืžืงื•ื ืœื“ื•ืŸ. ื“ื”ื ื” ื”ื˜"ื– ื›ืชื‘ ื‘ืกื™ื•ื ื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ื‘ื‘ื™ืื•ืจ ื˜ืขื ื”ื”ื™ืชืจ ืฉืœ ื”ืจืฉื‘"ื: "ื“ืœื ื ืืกืจ ืืžื™ืจื” ืืœื ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉื”ื•ื ืฉื•ื” ืœื›ืœ ืื“ื ืžื™ืฉืจืืœ". ื•ืžืื—ืจ ื•ืืกื•ืจ ืœื—ื‘ื•ืœ ื›ืœ ืื“ื ืžื™ืฉืจืืœ [ื•ืืฃ ืฉืื™ื ื• ืื‘ื™ื•], ื ื—ืฉื‘ืช ืคืขื•ืœืช ื”ื”ื›ืื” ืฉืœ ื”ืฉืœื™ื— "ืฉื•ื” ืœื›ืœ ืื“ื ืžื™ืฉืจืืœ" ื•ื™ื”ื™ื” ืื™ืกื•ืจ "ืืžื™ืจื”" ืœืžืฉืœื—. ืื•ืœื ืžืื™ื“ืš ื™ืฉ ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉืจืื•ื‘ืŸ ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืžื™ืชื” ื‘ื”ื›ืืช ืื‘ื™ื• ื•ืื™ืœื• ืื—ืจื™ื [ื•ื”ืฉืœื™ื— ื‘ื›ืœืœื] ืขื•ื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ื”ื›ืื” ื–ื• ืขืœ ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื—ื•ื‘ืœ, ื•ืื™ืŸ ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื ื—ืฉื‘ ื›"ืฉื•ื” ืœื›ืœ ืื“ื ืžื™ืฉืจืืœ". ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ื”ืกืคืง ื”ื•ื ื”ืื "ืฉื•ื•ื” ืœื›ืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ" - ืฆืจื™ืš ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืžืขืฉื” ืื• ื‘ืขื•ื ืฉ, ืื ื‘ืžืขืฉื” ืื– ืืกื•ืจ ืœื›ื•ืœื, ื•ืื ื‘ืขื•ื ืฉ ืื– ืื™ืŸ ืขื•ื ืฉื ืฉื•ื•ื”, ื•ืฆ"ืข.

โ€ข ืืžื ื ืœืคื™ ื”ืžื’"ื, ืฉื˜ืขื ื”ื”ื™ืชืจ ื”ื•ื ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉืœืžืฉืœื— ื™ืฉ ื”ื™ืชืจ, ื‘ืจื•ืจ ืฉื‘ื”ื›ืืช ืื‘ื™ื• ืื™ืŸ ืœืžืฉืœื— ื›ืœ ื”ื™ืชืจ ื•ื‘ื•ื•ื“ืื™ ื™ื”ื™ื” ื—ื™ื™ื‘.

โ€ข ื•ื›ืŸ ืœืคื™ ื”ื—ืชื ืกื•ืคืจ ื•ื”ื‘ื™ืช ืžืื™ืจ, ืฉื›ืœ ื”ื”ื™ืชืจ ืฉื™ื™ืš ืจืง ื‘ืžืœืื›ื•ืช ืฉื‘ืช, ื•ื“ืื™ ืจืื•ื‘ืŸ ื”ืžืฉืœื— ื™ื”ื™ื” ื—ื™ื™ื‘.

โ€ข ื’ื ืœืคื™ ื”ืกืž"ืข ื•ืฉื•"ืข ื”ืจื‘, ืฉื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืฉืœื™ื— ืื™ื ื• "ื‘ืจ ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื" ื™ืฉ ื“ื™ืŸ ืฉืœื•ื—ื• ืฉืœ ืื“ื ื›ืžื•ืชื•, ืื ื›ืŸ ื‘ื ื“ื•ืŸ ื“ื™ื“ืŸ ื”ืฉืœื™ื— ืื™ื ื• "ื‘ืจ ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื" ื‘ืื™ืกื•ืจ ืฉืœ ื”ื›ืืช ืื‘ื™ื• ืฉืœ ืจืื•ื‘ืŸ, ื•ืื– ื›ื‘ืจ ื—ืœ ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ืฉืœ ื™ืฉ ืฉืœื™ื— ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขื‘ื™ืจื”, ื•ื™ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ ื”ืžืฉืœื— [ืจืื•ื‘ืŸ] ืžื™ืชื” ืขืœ ื”ื›ืืชื• ืฉืœ ืฉืžืขื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื™ืชื” ื‘ืฉืœื™ื—ื•ืชื•.

ื•ืื™ืŸ ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉืฉืžืขื•ืŸ ื ื—ืฉื‘ "ื‘ืจ ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื", ืืฃ ืฉืื‘ื™ ืจืื•ื‘ืŸ ืื™ื ื• ืื‘ื™ื•, ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉื‘ืขืฆื ื”ืžืฆื•ื” ื”ื•ื "ื‘ืจ ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื". ืฉื”ืจื™ ื›ื‘ืจ ื ืชื‘ืืจ ืœืขื™ืœ ืœืคื™ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืกืž"ืข, ืฉืื ื”ืฉืœื™ื— ืื™ื ื• "ื‘ืจ ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื" ื™ืฉ ืฉืœื™ื— ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขื‘ื™ืจื”, ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉื”ืžืฉืœื— ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื•ืžืจ ืกื‘ืจืชื™ ืฉืœื ื™ืฉืžืข ืœื™ ื”ืฉืœื™ื—. ื•ืœืคื™ ื–ื” ื™ื•ืฆื ื›ื™ ื“ื™ ื‘ื›ืš ืฉื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืฉืœื™ื—ื•ืช ืื™ื ื• "ื‘ืจ ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื" ื•ืืฃ ืฉื‘ืขืฆื ื”ืžืฆื•ื” ื”ื•ื "ื‘ืจ ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื". ื•ืื ื›ืŸ ื”ืฉืœื™ื— ืœื”ื›ื•ืช ืื‘ ื ื—ืฉื‘ ืื™ื ื• "ื‘ืจ ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื", ื•ืจืื•ื‘ืŸ ื”ืžืฉืœื—ื• ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืžื™ืชื”. ื‘ืจื ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืฆ"ืข ื‘ื–ื”, ืฉื›ืŸ ื”ืฉืœื™ื— ืœื”ื›ื•ืช ืื›ืŸ ืื™ื ื• ืขื•ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ืžื™ืชื” ืฉืœ ื”ื›ืืช ืื‘, ืฉื”ืจื™ ื”ืžื•ื›ื” ืื™ื ื• ืื‘ื™ื•, ืืš ืกื•ืฃ ืกื•ืฃ ืื™ืŸ ื–ื” ืžืขืฉื” ื”ื™ืชืจ, ื”ื™ื•ืช ื•ืืกื•ืจ ืœื”ื›ื•ืช ื›ืœ ืื“ื ืžื™ืฉืจืืœ ืืคื™ืœื• ืื™ื ื• ืื‘ื™ื•. ื•ืื ื›ืŸ ื™ืฉ ืœื•ืžืจ, ืฉืžืื—ืจ ื•ืžืขืฉื” ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ืขื‘ื™ืจื” ืœืฉืœื™ื—, "ืื™ืŸ ืฉืœื™ื— ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขื‘ื™ืจื”", ื›ื™ ื™ืืžืจ ื”ืžืฉืœื— ืกื‘ืจืชื™ ืฉืœื ื™ืฉืžืข ืœื™, ืฉื”ืจื™ ืขื‘ื™ืจื” ื”ื™ื ื’ื ืืฆืœ ื”ืฉืœื™ื—.

ื•ื”ื ื” ื”ืชื•ืก' (ื‘ื‘ื ืžืฆื™ืขื ื™, ื‘ ื“"ื” ื“ืืžืจ) ื›ืชื‘ื• ืขืœ ื”ื“ื•ื’ืžื ืฉื”ื‘ื™ืื” ื”ื’ืžืจื ืœ"ืื™ื ื• ื‘ืจ ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื" ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ื›ื”ืŸ ืฉืืžืจ ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ ืงื“ืฉ ืœื™ ืืฉื” ื’ืจื•ืฉื”, ืฉืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ ืœื›ื”ืŸ ืืฉื” ื’ืจื•ืฉื” ืขื•ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ืื™ืกื•ืจ "ืœืคื ื™ ืขื•ืจ ืœื ืชืชืŸ ืžื›ืฉื•ืœ", ืžื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ืœื ื ืงืจื ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื–ื” "ื‘ืจ ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื", ื›ื™ ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื”ืœืื• ื“ื’ืจื•ืฉื” ืœื›ื”ืŸ ืื™ื ื• ื‘ืจ ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื. ื•ืœืคื™ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืชื•ืกืคื•ืช ื’ื ื‘ื ื™ื“ื•ืŸ ื“ื™ื“ืŸ ื™ืฉ ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉืžื›ื™ื•ืŸ ื•ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื”ื›ืืช ืื‘ ืื™ื ื• ื‘ืจ ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื, ืืฃ ืฉื”ืžืขืฉื” ื›ืฉืœืขืฆืžื• ื”ื•ื ืžืขืฉื” ืขื‘ื™ืจื”, ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื ืฉืืจ "ืื™ื ื• ื‘ืจ ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื" ื‘ื™ื—ืก ืœืžืขืฉื” ื”ื›ืืช ืื‘ื™ ืจืื•ื‘ืŸ[6].

ื™. ื‘ืงื•ื‘ืฅ "ื•ื™ืœืงื˜ ื™ื•ืกืฃ" (ืฉื ื” ื™ื‘ ืงื•ื ื˜ืจืก ื™ื— ืกื™ืžืŸ ืงืขื•) ืžื•ื‘ื ืชื™ืจื•ืฅ ืžื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ืจื‘ื™ ืื‘ืจื”ื ื™ืฆื—ืง ื’ืœื™ืง ืื‘ื“"ืง ื˜ืืœื˜ืฉื•ื•ื”, ืžื“ื•ืข ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืžื™ ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœ ืฉื‘ืช ืœื•ืžืจ ืœื—ื‘ืจื• ืฉื™ืขืฉื” ืขื‘ื•ืจื• ืžืœืื›ื”, ื•ืื™ืŸ ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืฉืœื•ื—ื• ืฉืœ ืื“ื ื›ืžื•ืชื•, ื•ื›ืœ ืฉื›ืŸ ืœืžืืŸ ื“ืืžืจ ืฉื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืฉืœื™ื— ืœืื• ื‘ืจ ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื, ื”ืžืฉืœื— ื—ื™ื™ื‘.

ื•ื‘ื™ืืจ ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื›ืœืœ "ื“ื›ืœ ืžื™ื“ื™ ื“ืื™ื”ื• ืœื ืžืฆื™ ืขื‘ื™ื“ ื’ื ืฉืœื™ื— ืœื ืžืฆื™ ืžืฉื•ื•ื™", ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ื›ืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉื”ืื“ื ืขืฆืžื• ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื’ื ืฉืœื™ื— ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ืจื•. ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื”ืื•ืžืจ ืœื—ื‘ืจื• ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืฉื™ืขืฉื” ืœื• ืžืœืื›ื” "ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ื“ืื™ื”ื• ืœื ืžืฆื™ ืขื‘ื™ื“ ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ืงื™ื‘ืœ ืขืœื™ื• ืฉื‘ืช, ืœื›ืŸ ืœื ืžืฆื™ ืžืฉื•ื™ ืฉืœื™ื—".

ื•ืื™ืŸ ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉืขื ื™ืŸ ื–ื” ืฉื”ืฉืœื™ื— ืขื•ืฉื” ื‘ืฆื•ื•ื™ื• ืžืœืื›ื”, ืื• ื ื›ื ืก ืœืžืงื•ื ื˜ื•ืžืืช ืžืช, ืื™ืŸ ื–ื” ื‘ื’ื“ืจ "ื›ืœ ืžื” ื“ืื™ื”ื• ืœื ืžืฆื™ ืขื‘ื™ื“" ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื‘ื™ื“ื• ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื‘ืื™ืกื•ืจ, ื›ื™ ืžืื—ืจ ื•ื”ื•ื ืื™ื ื• ืจื•ืฆื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืื™ืกื•ืจ ืื™ืŸ ื–ื” ื ืงืจื ื‘ื™ื“ื•, ื•ืžื” ืฉืื•ืžืจ ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืœื—ื‘ืจื• ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืœื• ืžืœืื›ื” ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื–ื” ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื›ืžื• ืฉื›ืชื‘ ื”ื˜"ื–, ืฉื›ืืฉืจ ื™ืฉ ื”ื™ืชืจ ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ ืื—ืจ ืื™ืŸ ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื‘ืืžื™ืจื”, ื•ื›ืŸ ืžื” ืฉืื•ืžืจ ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœื™ื›ื ืก ืœืžืงื•ื ื˜ื•ืžืืช ืžืช ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื–ื” ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื›ืžื• ืฉื›ืชื‘ ื”ืคืจื™ ืžื’ื“ื™ื. ื•ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืื™ื ื• ืจื•ืฆื” ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ ืขืœ ืื™ืกื•ืจ, ื ื—ืฉื‘ "ื“ืื™ื”ื• ืœื ืžืฆื™ ืขื‘ื™ื“". ืื‘ืœ ื›ื”ืŸ ืฉืืžืจ ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ ืงื“ืฉ ืœื™ ืืฉื” ื’ืจื•ืฉื” ื›ืŸ ื ื—ืฉื‘ "ืžืฆื™ ืขื‘ื™ื“", ืฉื”ืจื™ ืฉื ืื ื• ืจื•ืื™ื ืฉืจื•ืฆื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืื™ืกื•ืจ, ืœื›ืŸ ืฉืคื™ืจ ื™ืฉ ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉื ื—ืฉื‘ ืฉื‘ื™ื“ื• ืœืขืฉื•ืช, ืืข"ืค ืฉื”ื•ื ื‘ืื™ืกื•ืจ, ื•ืฉืคื™ืจ ื ืืžืจ ื‘ื–ื” ื“ื™ืŸ ืฉืœื™ื—ื•ืช, ืข"ื› ืชื•ื›ืŸ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื•.

ื‘ืจื ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ื”ื "ืœ ืงืฉื™ื ืžืื“. ื›ื™ ื›ืœ ืชื™ืจื•ืฆื• ืžื‘ื•ืกืก ืขืœ ื”ื”ื ื—ื” ืฉืื™ืŸ ืื™ืกื•ืจ ืœื•ืžืจ ืœื—ื‘ืจื• ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืœื• ืžืœืื›ื” ื•ืœื™ื›ื ืก ืขื‘ื•ืจื• ืœืžืงื•ื ื˜ื•ืžืืช ืžืช, ื•ืžื˜ืขื ืฉื›ืชื‘ ื”ื˜"ื– ืฉื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืื™ืกื•ืจ ืื™ื ื• ืฉื•ื” ื‘ื›ืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืื™ืŸ ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื‘ืืžื™ืจื”, ืื•ืœื ื”ืจื™ ื–ื” ื’ื•ืคื ืขืฆื ื”ืฉืืœื”, ืžื“ื•ืข ืœื ื™ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืืžืช ืื™ืกื•ืจ ืœื•ืžืจ ืœื—ื‘ืจื•, ื”ืจื™ ืฉืœื•ื—ื• ืฉืœ ืื“ื ื›ืžื•ืชื• ื›ืฉื”ืฉืœื™ื— ืœืื• ื‘ืจ ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื, ื•ื™ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืืžืช ืืกื•ืจ ืœื•ืžืจ ืœื—ื‘ืจื• ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืœื• ืžืœืื›ื” ื•ืœื™ื›ื ืก ืœืžืงื•ื ื˜ื•ืžืืช ืžืช, ื•ืฉื•ื‘ ื ืืžืจ ืฉื ื—ืฉื‘ "ื‘ื™ื“ื•" ื”ื•ืื™ืœ ื•ื™ืฉ ืื™ืกื•ืจ ืœื•ืžืจ, ืžืžืฉ ื›ื“ื™ืŸ ื›ื”ืŸ ืฉืืžืจ ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ ืงื“ืฉ ืœื™ ืืฉื” ื’ืจื•ืฉื”.

ืขื•ื“ ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืงืฉื•ืช ืขืœ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื•, ืฉืืžื ื ื›ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื‘ื“ื•ื’ืžื ืฉืœ ื›ื”ืŸ ืฉืืžืจ ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ ืงื“ืฉ ืœื™ ืืฉื” ื’ืจื•ืฉื”, ืฉืจื•ืื™ื ืžื–ื” ืฉืจื•ืฆื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืื™ืกื•ืจ ืฉืชื”ื™ื” ืžืงื•ื“ืฉืช ืœื• ื’ืจื•ืฉื”, ืื‘ืœ ื‘ื“ื•ื’ืžื ื”ืฉื ื™ื” ืฉื ืงื˜ื” ื”ื’ืžืจื: ืื™ืฉ ืฉืืžืจ ืœืืฉื” ืืงืคื™ ืœื™ ืงื˜ืŸ, ื”ื™ื›ืŸ ืจื•ืื™ื ืฉื“ืขืชื• ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืื™ืกื•ืจ. ื•ืžื›ืืŸ ื”ื•ื›ื—ื” ืฉื’ื ืื ืื™ืŸ ืื ื• ืจื•ืื™ื ืฉื“ืขืชื• ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื‘ื›ืœ ื–ืืช ื—ืœื” ื”ืฉืœื™ื—ื•ืช ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืฉืœื™ื— ืื™ื ื• ื‘ืจ ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื, ื•ืื ื›ืŸ ื—ื–ืจื” ืงื•ืฉื™ืช ื”ืคืจื™ ืžื’ื“ื™ื ื•ืฉื•"ืข ื”ืจื‘ ืœืžืงื•ืžื”.

  1. โ†‘ ืขืœ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืืœื™ ื”ืฉื™ื‘ ืจื‘ื™ ืžื ื“ืœ ืœื ื“ื, ืฉืœื™ื— ื—ื‘"ื“ ื‘ืฆืคื•ืŸ ืงืœื™ืคื•ืจื ื™ื”: ืžื•ื›ืจื— ื”ื ื ื™ ืœืฆื™ื™ืŸ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื™ ื”ืกืคืจ "ืงื•ื‘ืฅ ืชืฉื•ื‘ื•ืช" ืœืขื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ืฉื™ื‘, ืืš ื•ื“ืื™ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื“ื—ื•ืช ื‘ืงืœื•ืช ื›ื–ื• ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืื“ืžื•ื”"ื– โ€“ ("ื“ืจื‘ ืชื ื ื”ื•ื ื•ืคืœื™ื’" โ€“ ืžืฉื‘ื—ื™ ื”ืžื’ื™ื“ ืžืžื–ื™ืจื˜ืฉ ืขืœื™ื•), ื•ืชื—ื™ืœื” ืืฆื™ื™ืŸ ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ ืื“ืžื•ื”"ื– ืขืฆืžื• ื‘ื—ื•ืฉืŸ ืžืฉืคื˜ ื”ืœ' ืฉืืœื” ืฉื›ื™ืจื•ืช ื•ื—ืกื™ืžื” ืกืขื™' ื›"ื˜ "ืืกื•ืจ ืœื•ืžืจ ืœื ื›ืจื™ ื—ืกื•ื ืคืจืชื™ ื•ื“ื•ืฉ ื‘ื” ื“ื™ืฉื” ืฉืœืš, ืื• ืžืœืื›ื” ืื—ืจืช ืฉืœ ื ื›ืจื™, ืืข"ืค, ืฉืื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื ื”ื ื” ื‘ื–ื”, ื”ื•ืื™ืœ ื•ื ืขืฉื” ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื‘ืžื” ืฉื”ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžื•ืกืจ ืœื• ืžืฉืœื• ืฉื”ื™ื ืคืจืชื•. ื•ื›ืžื• ืฉื‘ืฉื‘ืช ืืกื•ืจ ืœื•ืžืจ ืœื ื›ืจื™ ื”ื™ืœืš ื‘ืฉืจ ื–ื” ื•ื‘ืฉืœื”ื• ื”ื™ื•ื ืœืขืฆืžืš. ื•ืืžื™ืจื” ืœื ื›ืจื™ ืืกื•ืจื” ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืื™ืกื•ืจื™ื ืฉื‘ืชื•ืจื” ื›ืžื• ื‘ืฉื‘ืช ื•ืžื•ืขื“". ื”ืจื™ ืฉื“ืขืชื• ื‘ืจื•ืจื” ื“ื™ืฉ ืื™ืกื•ืจ ืืžื™ืจื” ืœื ื›ืจื™ ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืื™ืกื•ืจื™ื ื“ืœื ื›ืจืื‘"ื“, ื•ืžืžื™ืœื ืœื ืžืฆื™ื ื• ืฉื•ื ื—ื™ืœื•ืง ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื™ืกื•ืจ ืžืœืื›ืช ืื‘ืœ ืœืžืœืื›ืช ืฉื‘ืช, ื•ืžืžื™ืœื ืฉืืœืชื• ืžื”ืœ' ืื‘ื™ืœื•ืช ื‘ืชืงืคื”. ื•ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื•ื™ื™ืก, ืžื•ื ืกื™, ื›ืชื‘: ืžื” ืฉื”ื‘ื™ื ื‘ืฉื ื”ื’ืจื™ืฉ"ื ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื ืœื™ื™ืฉื‘ ืงื•ืฉื™ืช ื”ืงื•"ื ืžืื‘ื™ืœื•ืช ื“ืฉืื ื™ ืฉื‘ืช ืฉื”ืื™ืกื•ืจ ืงืจื ืจืง ืขืœ ื”ื’ื‘ืจื. ื•ื”ืงืฉื” ืขืœื™ื• ืžืขื›"ืช ืฉื”ืจื™ ืืกืจื• ืืคื™' ืข"ื™ ื ื›ืจื™ ืœื›ืื•' ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืคืฉื•ื˜ื™ื ืฉื’ื ืžื” ืฉืืกืจื• ืข"ื™ ื ื›ืจื™ ื”ื•ื ืจืง ืžืฉื•ื ื’ื–ืจื” ืฉืžื ื™ืขืฉื” ื‘ืขืฆืžื• ื•ื›ืžื‘ื•ืืจ ื‘ืฉื•"ืข ื”ืจื‘ ืจื™ืฉ ืกื™' ืจืž"ื’ ื˜ืขืžื• ืฉืœ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื, ืฉืœื›ืš ืืกืจื• ื’ื–ื™ืจื” ืฉืžื ื™ื”ื ืงืœ ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ื• ื•ืœืคื™"ื– ืฉืคื™ืจ ื ื™ื—ื ืฉืข"ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœื™ื›ื ื—ืฉืฉ ืฉืžื ื™ื”ื ืงืœ ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ื•.
  2. โ†‘ ืขืœ ื›ืš ื”ืขื™ืจ ื™ื“ื™ื“ื™ ืจื‘ื™ ื’ืจืฉื•ืŸ ื‘ืขืก, ืจื‘ ื‘ื™ืช ืžื“ืจืฉ ืงื”ืœืช ื™ืขืงื‘, ืœื•ืก ืื ื’'ืœืก: ื‘ืžื” ืฉื”ื‘ื™ื ืœืชืจืฅ ืงื•ืฉื™ื™ืช ื”ื’ืจ"ื– ื‘ืฉื ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ืฉื™ื‘ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื ืฉื™ืฉ ื“ื™ืŸ ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืœืขื ื™ืŸ ืื‘ืœ. ื•ื›ืช"ื” ื‘ื™ืืจ ื›ื•ื•ื ืชื• ืฉื™ืฉ ื™ืกื•ื“ ื—ื™ืœื•ืง ืœืขื ื™ืŸ ืฉื‘ืช ืฉื”ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื”ื•ื ืื™ืกื•ืจ ืขืœ ื”ื’ื‘ืจื ืฉืœื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื•ืœืขื ื™ืŸ ืื‘ืœื•ืช ื”ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื”ื•ื ืฉืœื ื™ื™ืขืฉื” ืžืœืื›ื” ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœื•. ืœืขื "ื“ ื”ื‘ื™ืื•ืจ ื”ื•ื ืคืฉื•ื˜, ืฉื›ืœ ื˜ืขื ื”ืื™ืกื•ืจ ืฉืœ ืžืœืื›ื” ื‘ืื‘ื™ืœื•ืช ื”ื•ื ืžื“ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืกื— ื”ื“ืขืช ืžืŸ ื”ืื‘ืœื•ืช, ื•ื›ืŸ ืžื‘ื•ืืจ ื‘ืชื•ืจืช ื”ืื“ื [ื”ื•ืฆืืช ืžื•ืกื“ ื”ืจื‘ ืงื•ืง ื“ืฃ ืง"ืข] ื›ืฉืžื‘ืืจ ื”ื—ื™ืœื•ืง ืœืžื” ืืกื•ืจ ื‘ื—ื•ืœ ื”ืžื•ืขื“ ื‘ื˜ื™ืจื—ื ื™ืชื™ืจื ืืฃ ืื ื”ื•ื ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืื‘ื“, ื•ืžื•ืชืจ ืœืขืฉื•ืชื• ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื”ืื‘ืœ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืื‘ื•ื“ ืืฃ ืื ื™ืฉ ื˜ื™ืจื—ื ื™ืชื™ืจื. ื•ืžื‘ืืจ "ื“ื’ื‘ื™ ืžื•ืขื“ ืžืฉื•ื ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื”ื™ื•ื ื•ืžืกืจื• ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ ืœื—ื›ืžื™ื" ืื‘ืœ ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืื‘ื™ืœื•ืช "ืœื ื ืืกืจื” ืขืœื™ื• ืืœื ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ืชืื‘ืœ ืขืœ ืžืชื•" ื•ืื ื ืชื™ืจ ืฉื™ื™ืขืฉื” ืžืœืื›ื” ืืคื™ืœื• ืข"ื™ ืื—ืจื™ื ื™ื’ืจื•ื ื”ื™ืกื— ื”ื“ืขืช ืžืื‘ื™ืœื•ืชื•, ื•ืœื›ืš, ืืฃ ืฉืžื•ืชืจ ื’ืžื•ืจ ืœืžื™ ืฉืขื•ืฉื” ื”ืžืœืื›ื” [ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื•ื ืื™ื ื• ืื‘ืœ] ืž"ืž ืืกื•ืจ ืœืขืฉื•ืชื• ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื”ืื‘ืœ. ื•ืื™ืŸ ื™ืกื•ื“ ื”ื—ื™ืœื•ืง ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื ื”ืื™ืกื•ืจ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืื• ืฉื™ื™ืขืฉื” ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœื• ืืœื ื”ื—ื™ืœื•ืง ืฉื‘ืฉื‘ืช ื”ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื”ื•ื ื”ืขืฉื™ื™' ื•ื‘ืื‘ืœื•ืช ื”ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื”ื•ื ื’ืจืžืช ื”ื™ืกื— ื”ื“ืขืช ืฉืœ ื”ืื‘ืœ ืžืื‘ืœื•ืชื• ื•ืื ื ืชื™ืจ ืฉื™ืขืฉื• ืื—ืจื™ื ืžืœืื›ืชื• ืื– ื–ื” ื’ื•ืจื ื”ื™ืกื— ื”ื“ืขืช ืžืŸ ืื‘ื™ืœื•ืชื•.
  3. โ†‘ ืขืœ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืืœื• ื”ืฉื™ื‘ ื”ืจื‘ ืžื ื—ื ืœื ื“ื: ืžื” ืฉื›ืชื‘ ืœื“ื—ื•ืช ืฉืืœืช ืื“ืžืžื•ื”"ื– ืžื“ื™ืŸ ืฉืœื™ื—ื•ืช ืฉื™ื—ืฉื‘ ื›ืื™ืœื• ื”ื•ื ืขื•ืฉื” ืžืœืื›ื”, ืขืœ ื™ืกื•ื“ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื‘ื™ืช ืžืื™ืจ ื•ื”ืคื "ื™ ื“ื‘ืฉื‘ืช ืื™ืŸ ืฉื™ื™ืš ืฉืœื™ื—ื•ืช ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื”ื•ื ืขืœ ืžื ื•ื—ืช ื’ื•ืคื•, ื•ืžืžื™ืœื ื’ื ื›ืฉืขื” ืฉืœื™ื— ื”ื•ื ื ื—, ื”ื ื” ื“ืŸ ื‘ื–ื” ื”ืฆืžื— ืฆื“ืง ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ื•ืช ื—ืœืง ืื•"ื— ืกื™' ื›ื˜ ื•ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ืกืขื™ืฃ ื’' ืฆื™ื™ืŸ ืœื‘ื™ืช ืžืื™ืจ ื”ื "ืœ, ืืš ื‘ืจื•ืจ ื”ื•ื ื›ื™ ืฉื™ื˜ืช ืื“ืžื•ื”"ื– ื”ื™ื ื“ืœื ื›ื”ื‘ื™ืช ืžืื™ืจ ื“ื™ืฉ ืฉืœื™ื—ื•ืช ื‘ืฉื‘ืช (ืขื“ ื›ื“ื™ ื›ืš ืฉื’ื ืื™ืกื•ืจ ืืžื™ืจื” ืœื ื›ืจื™ ื‘ื›ืž"ืž ื”ื•ื ืžื˜ืขื ื“ื™ืฉ ืฉืœื™ื—ื•ืช ืœื ื›ืจื™ ืœื—ื•ืžืจื โ€“ ืœื“ืขืช ืื“ืžื•ื”"ื–) ื•ืžืฆืืชื™ ื‘ืงื•ื ื˜ืจืก ื—ืงืจื™ ื”ืœื›ื•ืช (ืžื”ืจื‘ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืคื™ืงืจืกืงื™ โ€“ ื”ื™ื” ืชืœืžื™ื“ ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื‘ืช ื—ื›ืžื™ ืœื•ื‘ืœื™ืŸ ื•ืจืืฉ ื™ืฉื™ื‘ืช ืชื•ืžื›ื™ ืชืžื™ืžื™ื ื‘ื ื™ื• ื™ื•ืจืง ื•ืจื‘ ื‘ื›ืžื” ืงื”ื™ืœื•ืช) ืฉื›ืชื‘ ืกื™ืžื•ื›ื™ืŸ ืœื“ืขืช ืื“ืžื•ื”"ื– ื”ื™ืคืš ืžื“ืขืช ื”ื‘ื™ืช ืžืื™ืจ ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืžืœ"ืž ืค"ื’ ืžื”ืœ' ื’ื ื™ื‘ื” ื”ืœื›ื” ื•', ืขื™"ืฉ. ื•ืฉื•ื‘ ืงื•ืฉื™ื™ืช ืื“ืžื•ื”"ื– ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื” ืขื•ืžื“ืช, ื“ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ืœื—ื‘ืจื• ืขื•ื‘ืจ ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื‘ืžื” ืฉื—ื‘ืจื• ืขื•ืฉื” ืžืœืื›ื” ืขื‘ื•ืจื• ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื™ื“ื• ื›ื™ื“ื•. ื‘ื ื“ื•ืŸ ื–ื” ื›ืชื‘ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื•ื™ื™ืก, ืžื•ื ืกื™: ืžื” ืฉื›ืชื‘ ื‘ืฉื ื”ื’ืจื™ืฉ"ื ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื ืœื™ื™ืฉื‘ ืงื•ืฉื™ืช ื”ืงืจ"ื ืžืฉื•ื ืฉืœื™ื—ื•ืช ื•ืชื™ืจืฅ ืขืค"ื™ ื”ื—ืช"ืก ืฉืื™ืŸ ืฉื™ื™ืš ืฉืœื™ื—ื•ืช ื‘ืฉื‘ืช ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ืชื•ืจื” ื”ืงืคื™ื“ื” ืจืง ืขืœ ืžื ื•ื—ืช ื’ื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ื”ื ื” ืฉืคื™ืจ ืชื™ืจืฅ ืœืคื™ ืฉื™ื˜ืช ื”ื—ืช"ืก ืื‘ืœ ื”ืจื‘ ืœืฉื™ื˜ืชื• ื‘ืกื™' ืฉ"ื” ืกื›"ื ืฉื›ืชื‘ ื“ื”ื•ื” ื›ืื™ืœื• ืขืฉื” ื‘ืขืฆืžื• ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื“ืฉืœื•ื—ื• ืฉืœ ืื“ื ื›ืžื•ืชื•. ื•ืžืฉืžืข ืฉื”ื•ื ื“ื™ืŸ ืฉืœื™ื—ื•ืช ืžืžื ื•. ืืžื ื ื ืœืขื "ื“ ืœืชืจืฅ ืฉืคื™ืจ ืืคื™' ืœืฉื™ื˜ืช ื”ืจื‘ ืž"ืž ืžื” ืฉื ืชื ื• ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื“ื™ืŸ ื–ื” ืืฃ ืฉื‘ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื”ื•ื ื ื— ื”ื•ื ื’"ื› ืจืง ืžื˜ืขื ืฉืœื ื™ื”ื ืฉื‘ืช ืงืœ ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ื• ืข"ื™ ืืžื™ืจื” ืœืขื›ื•"ื ื•ื›ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ื‘ืกื™' ืจืž"ื’ ืžืฉื"ื› ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื—ื‘ื™ืจื• ืืฃ ืฉื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื™ืฉ ืฉืœื™ื—ื•ืช ืืฆืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืž"ืž ื‘ืฉื‘ืช ืืคืฉืจ ืœื•ืžืจ ื›ืกื‘ืจืช ื”ื—ืช"ืก ืฉืœื ืืžืจื• ื‘ื–ื” ืฉืœื™ื—ื•ืช ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื‘ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื ื— ื’ื•ืคื• ื‘ืฉื‘ืช. ื•ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื”ื‘ืœื™ืŸ ื›ืชื‘: ืืชื” ืžื‘ื™ื ืœืชืจืฅ ืฉื“ื™ืŸ ืฉืœื•ื—ื• ืฉืœ ืื“ื ื›ืžื•ืชื• ื’ื•ืจื ืจืง ืฉืžืขืฉื” ื”ืžืœืื›ื” ืžืชื™ื™ื—ืก ืœืžืฉืœื—, ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ ื”ืžืœืื›ื” ื ืขืฉื™ืช ื‘ื’ื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื”ืฉืœื™ื—, ื•ืœื›ืื•ืจื” ื‘ืืžืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฆื•ื“ืงื™ื ืฉื‘ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืฉื‘ื’ื•ืคื• ืœื ืฉื™ื™ืš ืฉืœื™ื—ื•ืช, ืข"ื“ ื”ืžื‘ื•ืืจ ื‘ืงืฆื•ื”"ื— ืกื™ืžืŸ ืค"ื‘ ืขืœ ืงื•ืฉื™ื™ืช ื”ืจื"ืฉ ืœืžื” ืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืฉืœื™ื— ืœื”ื ื™ื— ืชืคื™ืœื™ืŸ. ื•ืžื‘ื•ืืจ ื‘ืงืฆื•ื”"ื— ืฉืืžื ื ืฉืœื™ื—ื•ืช ืฉื™ื™ืš ืขืœ ืžืขืฉื” ืื‘ืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉืฆืจื™ืš ืฉื”ื’ื•ืฃ ื™ืขืฉื” ืข"ื– ืœื ืฉื™ื™ืš ืฉืœื™ื—ื•ืช ื“ืืžื ื ื”ืฉืœื™ื— ืฉื”ื ื™ื— ืชืคื™ืœื™ืŸ ืขืฉื” ื–ื” ื‘ืฉืœื™ื—ื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉืœื—, ืื‘ืœ ืืช ื”ืชืคื™ืœื™ืŸ ื”ืœื‘ื™ืฉ ืขืœ ื’ื•ืคื• ืฉืœื• ื›ืœ ื–ื” ื ื›ื•ืŸ. ืื‘ืœ ืžื” ื ืขืฉื” ืฉืื“ืžื•"ืจ ื”ื–ืงืŸ ื‘ืขืฆืžื• ืื•ืžืจ ืฉืืžื™ืจื” ืœืขื›ื•"ื ื–ื”ื• ืžืฉื•ื ืฉืœื™ื—ื•ืช ื•ื”ื ื ื™ ืžืฆื˜ื˜ ื›ืืŸ ืืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืฉื•"ืข ื”ืจื‘ ื‘ืกื™ืžืŸ ืจืž"ื’ ื•ื–"ืœ ื‘ืกืขื™ืฃ ื' "ืืกืจื• ื—ื›ืžื™ื ืœื•ืžืจ ืœื ื›ืจื™ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืœื ื• ืžืœืื›ื” ื‘ืฉื‘ืช... ืฉื›ืฉื”ื ื›ืจื™ ืขื•ืฉื” ื‘ืฉื‘ืช ื”ื•ื ืขื•ืฉื” ื‘ืฉืœื™ื—ื•ืช ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื•ืืข"ืค ืฉืื™ืŸ ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืฉืœื•ื—ื• ืฉืœ ืื“ื ื›ืžื•ืชื• ืžืŸ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืืœื ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ื ืขืฉื” ืฉืœื™ื— ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ .... ืื‘ืœ ื”ื ื›ืจื™ ืื™ื ื• ื‘ืชื•ืจืช ืฉืœื™ื—ื•ืช ืžืŸ ื”ืชื•ืจื”. ืž"ืž ืžื“"ืก ื™ืฉ ืฉืœื™ื—ื•ืช ืœื ื›ืจื™ ืœื—ื•ืžืจื, ื•ื™ืฉ ืจืžื– ืœืื™ืกื•ืจ ื–ื” ื‘ืฉื‘ืช ื•ื™ื•"ื˜ ืžืŸ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืฉื ืืžืจ ื‘ื™ื•"ื˜ ื›ืœ ืžืœืื›ื” ืœื ื™ืขืฉื” ื‘ื”ื ืžืฉืžืข ืืคื™ืœื• ืข"ื™ ืื—ืจื™ื ื•ืง"ื• ื‘ืฉื‘ืช... ื”ืจื™ ืื ื• ืจื•ืื™ื ืฉืื“ืžื•"ืจ ื”ื–ืงืŸ ืžืคื•ืจืฉ ืกื•ื‘ืจ ืฉืžืœืื›ืช ืฉื‘ืช ื–ื” ืœื ืขืœ ื”ื’ื•ืฃ, ืืœื ืืคื™' ืข"ื™ ืฉืœื™ื—, ืžืฉื•ื ืœื ื™ึตืขึธืฉึถื‚ื”. ื•ื‘ื–ื” ืžืชื•ืจืฅ ืงื•ืฉื™ื™ืช ื”ืคื "ื™ ืฉืืชื” ืžื‘ื™ื, ืฉื”ืคื "ื™ ืžืงืฉื” ืœืžื” ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ื˜ืขื ืœืืžื™ืจื” ืœืขื›ื•"ื. ืชื™ืคื•ืง ืœื™' ืฉืฉืœื•ื—ื• ืฉืœ ืื“ื ื›ืžื•ืชื•. ื•ืœืคื™ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืื“ืžื•ื”"ื– ื”ืŸ ืœืš ื ืžื™ ืฉืื—ื“ ื”ื˜ืขืžื™ื ืฉืœ ืืžื™ืจื” ืœืขื›ื•"ื ื–ื” ืžืฉื•ื ืฉืœื™ื—ื•ืช.
  4. โ†‘ ืขืœ ื›ืš ื›ืชื‘ ื™ื“ื™ื“ื™ ืจื‘ื™ ื’ืจืฉื•ืŸ ื‘ืขืก: ื•ื”ื ื” ืœืขื "ื“ ื›ืœ ื›ื•ื•ื ืช ื”ื—ืช"ืก ื”ื•ื ืœืขื ื™ืŸ ืฉืื™ืŸ ื›ืืŸ ืื™ืกื•ืจ ืชื•ืจื” ืžื“ื™ืŸ ืฉืœื™ื—ื•ืช ืืฃ ืœืฉื™ื˜ื•ืช ืฉื™ืฉ ืฉืœื™ื—ื•ืช ืœื—ื•ืžืจื ื‘ื’ื•ื™ ื•ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืืฃ ืื ื™ืฉ ืฉืœื™ื— ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขื‘ืจื” ืื‘ืœ ื•ื“ืื™ ืžื•ื“ื™ื ืฉืฉื™ื™ืš ื”ืื™ืกื•ืจ ืฉืœ ืืžื™ืจื” ืœืขื›ื•"ื [ื•ื”ื•ื ืžื“ื™ืŸ ืฉืœื™ื—ื•ืช ืžื“ืจื‘ื ืŸ, ื›ืžื‘ื•ืืจ ื‘ืจืฉ"ื™ ื‘ื›ืžื” ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช, ืื• ืžื“ื™ืŸ ื•ื“ื‘ืจ ื“ื‘ืจ] ืžื“ืจื‘ื ืŸ ื•ื"ื› ืกื‘ืจืชื ืื™ื ื• ื ื•ื’ืข ืœืขื ื™ื ื ื• ืฉืœืžืขืฉื” ื‘ื•ื“ืื™ ืžื•ื“ื” ื”ื—ืช"ืก ืฉื™ืฉ ืื™ืกื•ืจ ืœืฆื•ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ืœืขื›ื•"ื ืื• ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ ื›ืฉืœื ืงื™ื™ื ื”ื˜ืขืžื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืž"ื, ื˜"ื– ืื• ืœื‘ื•ืฉ.
  5. โ†‘ ืขืœ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืืœื• ื›ืชื‘ ื™ื“ื™ื“ื™ ืจื‘ื™ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ ืฉื˜ืจืŸ, ืจืืฉ ื™ืฉื™ื‘ืช ื—ื•ื’ ื—ืชื ืกื•ืคืจ ื•ืจื‘ ืžืขืจื‘ ื‘ื ื™ ื‘ืจืง: ื‘ืžืฉ"ื› ื‘ืขื ื™ืŸ ืืžื™ืจืช ื›ื”ืŸ ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœื”ื™ื›ื ืก ืœืื”ืœ ื”ืžืช, ื•ืฆื™ื“ื“ ืฉื ื›ืžื” ื“ืจื›ื™ื ืœืืกื•ืจ, ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ ืœื ื›ืŸ ืขืžื“ื™. ื•ื ืจืื” ืœืขื "ื“ ื“ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื˜ื•ืžืื” ืœื›ื”ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื›ืขื™ืŸ ืžืฆื•ื” ืฉื‘ื’ื•ืคื• ื“ืœื™ืช ื‘ื™ื” ื›ืœืœ ืชื•ืจืช ืฉืœื™ื—ื•ืช ื•ื›ืขื™ืŸ ืžื” ืฉื›ืชื‘ ืžืจืŸ ื”ื—"ืก ืœืขื ื™ืŸ ืฉื‘ืช, ื•ื”ื ื” ืžืขื›ืช"ืจ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื ื›ืชื‘ ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ื“ืฉืื ื™ ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื˜ื•ืžืื” ืžืื™ืกื•ืจ ืฉื‘ืช ืœื”ื—"ืก, ื•ื’ื‘ื™ ื˜ื•ืžืื” ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื—ืžื™ืจ ื˜ืคื™, ื•ืื ื™ ื”ืงื˜ืŸ ืกื‘ื•ืจ ื“ืื“ืจื‘ื”, ื“ืืคื™ืœื• ืžืืŸ ื“ืกื•ื‘ืจ ื“ื‘ืฉื‘ืช ืฉื™ื™ืš ืื™ืกื•ืจ ืฉืœื™ื—ื•ืช ื•ืื™ื ื• ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื“ืจืžื™ื ืื’ื•ืคื, ืื‘ืœ ืขื ื™ืŸ ื”ื˜ื•ืžืื” ื”ื•ื ื‘ื•ื“ืื™ ืžืฉื•ื ื—ื™ืœื•ืœ ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื”ื›ื”ื•ื ื” ื“ืจืžื™ื ืขืœ ื’ื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื”ื›ื”ืŸ ื‘ืขืฆืžื•ืชื•, ื•ืื ื’ื•ืคื• ืื™ื ื• ื ื›ื ืก ื•ืื™ื ื• ืžื—ื•ืœืœ ืžืื™ ืื™ื›ืคืช ืœืŸ ื‘ื›ื ื™ืกืช ืฉืœื•ื—ื•, ื•ืœืคื•ื ืจื™ื”ื˜ื ื ืจืื” ื“ื”ืกื‘ืจื ื ื•ืชื ืช ื›ืŸ, ื•ืœื ื‘ืืชื™ ืืœื ืœื”ืขื™ืจ ื‘ืฉื•ืœื™ ื”ื’ืœื™ื•ืŸ.
  6. โ†‘ ื‘ื ื“ื•ืŸ ื–ื” ื›ืชื‘ ืจื‘ื™ ืžืฉื” ื‘ื•ืจื–'ื™ืงื•ื‘ืกืงื™, ืœื•ืก ืื ื’'ืœืก: ืจืื™ืชื™ ื‘ืกืคืจ ืชื•ืจืชืš ืฉืขืฉื•ืขื™ ืžืื“ื•ื ื ื• ืžื•ืจื™ื ื• ื•ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ื”ืคื ื™ ืžื ื—ื ื–ื™ืข"ื, ืคืจืฉืช ืงืจื—, ืฉื ืขืžื“ ืฉื ื‘ื‘ื™ืื•ืจ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืชื•ืก' ืฉื, ื“ืœื›ืื•ืจื” ืœืžื” ืื ื”ืฉืœื™ื— ืื™ื ื• ืขื•ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ืื•ืชื• ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื›ื”ืžืฉืœื—, ื•ืจืง ืขื•ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ืœืคื ื™ ืขื•ืจ ืœื ืืžืจื™ื ืŸ ื‘ื–ื” ืื™ืŸ ืฉืœื™ื— ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขื‘ื™ืจื”, ื“ื”ืœื ื”ืกื‘ืจื ื“ืืฉืœื“"ืข ืžืฉื•ื ื“ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืจื‘ ื•ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืชืœืžื™ื“ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืžื™ ืฉื•ืžืขื™ื, ื•ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื™ืฉ ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื‘ืฉืœื™ื—ื•ืชื•, ืฉื™ืš ืกื‘ืจื ื”ื "ืœ ืืข"ื’ ืฉื–ื” ืื™ื ื• ืขื™ืงืจ ื”ืื™ืกื•ืจ. ื•ื›ืชื‘ ืœื”ืกื‘ื™ืจ ืข"ืค ืฉื™ื˜ืช ื”ืชื•ืก' ื‘ื›ืžื” ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช. (ื™ื•ืžื ื™ื˜: ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉื™ืŸ ื›ื’:) ื“ืื ื”ืฉืœื™ื— ืฉื•ื’ื’ ืืžืจื™ื ืŸ "ื™ืฉ ืฉืœื™ื— ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขื‘ื™ืจื”". ื“ื‘ื›ื”"ื’ ืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœื•ืžืจ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืจื‘ ื•ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืชืœืžื™ื“ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืžื™ ืฉื•ืžืขื™ืŸ ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื•ื ืื™ื ื• ื™ื•ื“ืข ื”ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ืข"ืฉ. ื•ื"ื› ืืคืฉืจ ืœื—ื“ืฉ ื•ืœื•ืžืจ ื“ืืคื™' ืฉื”ืฉืœื™ื— ื™ื•ื“ืข ืฉื™ืฉ ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ, ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ืื™ื ื• ื“ื‘ืจ ื—ืžื•ืจ ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ ื”ื‘ืจื™ื•ืช, ืื• ืžืฉื•ื ืฉืžื–ืœื–ืœื™ื ื‘ื–ื”. ืื• ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื”ื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืฉื‘ื”ืจื‘ื” ืื•ืคื ื™ื ืžื•ืชืจื™ื ื•ืื™ืŸ ื›"ื› ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ, ืืคื™' ื“ืขืœ ืคื™ ื“ื™ืŸ ื™ืฉ ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ, ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ืฉืœื™ื— ืื™ื ื• ืžืจื’ื™ืฉ ื”ืื™ืกื•ืจ, ืœื ืฉื™ื™ืš ืœื•ืžืจ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืจื‘ ื•ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืชืœืžื™ื“ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืžื™ ืฉื•ืžืขื™ื, ื“ื”ืฉืœื™ื— ื‘ื•ื“ืื™ ื™ืฉืžืข ืœื”ืžืฉืœื—, ื•ื“ืžื™ ืœืฉื•ื’ื’ ื•ื›ื™ื“ื•ืข (ืจ"ืœ) ื“ื”ืื™ืกื•ืจ ืฉืœ ืœืคื ื™ ืขื•ืจ ื–ื•ืœ ืืฆืœ ื‘ื "ื. ื•ืžื–ืœื–ืœื™ื ื‘ื–ื”, ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื•ื ื‘ืขืฆืžื• ืื™ื ื• ืขื•ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื”ืื™ืกื•ืจ. ื•ื–ื” ืกื‘ืจืช ื”ืชื•ืก' ืฉื, ื•ืื•ื–ืœื™ื ื‘ืฉื™ื˜ืชื ื“ื‘ืฉื•ื’ื’ ืœื ืืžืจื™ื ืŸ ืืฉืœื“"ืข. ื•ืœืค"ื– ื‘ื ื™ื“ื•ืŸ ื”ื "ืœ ืฉืจืื•ื‘ืŸ ืฉืœื— ืืช ืฉืžืขื•ืŸ ืœื”ื›ื•ืช ืื‘ื™ื•, ื“ื‘ื”ื›ืื”, ื›ื•ืœื ืจื’ื™ืœื™ื ืฉื™ืฉ ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ. ื•ื›ืœ ื”ืชื™ื ื•ืงื•ืช ืฉืœ ื‘ื™ืช ืจื‘ืŸ ื›ื‘ืจ ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ื“ื‘ื”ืจืžืช ื™ื“ื™ื ืœื—ื•ื“ ื ืงืจื ืจืฉืข, ื™ืฉ ืœื•ืžืจ ื“ืืข"ืค ืฉืœืจืื•ื‘ืŸ ื”ืื™ืกื•ืจ ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื—ืžื•ืจ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ืœืฉืžืขื•ืŸ ื”ืื™ืกื•ืจ ืื™ืกื•ืจ ืงืœ ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืื™ื ื• ืื‘ื™ื•, ืืœ ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืจ"ื ืžืจื’ื™ืฉ ืืช ื”ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื‘ื–ื”, ื‘ื›ื”"ื’ ื ืืžืจ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืจื‘ ื•ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืชืœืžื™ื“ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืžื™ ืฉื•ืžืขื™ื ืืคื™' ืฉื–ื” ืื™ื ื• ืื•ืชื• ื”ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื›ื”ืžืฉืœื— ื•ื“ื™ื ื ืชื”ื ืื™ืŸ ืฉืœื™ื— ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขื‘ื™ืจื”.